Table 1.
Molecular classification of Gastric Cancer according TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas)emt; ACRG (Asian Cancer Research Group) and Li et al. Classification.
| SUBTYPES | MOLECULAR FEATURES | |
|---|---|---|
| TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) | EBV (9%) | - DNA hypermethylation, including CDKN2A (p16) but not MLH1 promoters |
| - PIK3CA mutations | ||
| - JAK2 gene amplification | ||
| - PDL1/PDL2 overexpression | ||
| MSI (22%) | - high mutation rate | |
| - DNA methylation with epigenetic silencing of MLH1 | ||
| - Hypermutation of many genes including HLA class 1 factors | ||
| GS (20%) | - molecular alterations in cell adhesion/ cell migration pathways | |
| - ARID1 and BCOR mutations | ||
| CIN (50%) | - chromosomal instability (CIN) | |
| - amplification of genes (most encoding tyrosine kinase receptors) | ||
| ACRG (Asian Cancer Research Group) | MSS/TP53 + (26%) | - frequent EBV positivity |
| - intermediate mutation rate | ||
| MSI (23%) | - high mutation rate | |
| EMT (15%) | - low mutation rate | |
| - loss of epithelial markers | ||
| MSS/TP53- (36%) | - TP53 mutations | |
| - genomic instability | ||
| Li et al. Classification | REGULAR C1 |
- 2.4 mutations /megabase; range, 0–8.3 |
| - TP53, XIRP2, APC mutations | ||
| REGULAR C2 |
- 2.4 mutations /megabase; range, 0–8.3 | |
| - ARID1A, CDH1, PIK3CA, ERBB2, RHOA mutations | ||
| - | ||
| HYPERMUTATED | - 20.5 mutations/megabase; range, 9.6–200.2) |