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Development of vesicovaginal space during laparoscopic total hysterectomy shown in empty ellipse. The bladder is pulled up with a grasper. B—bladder; U—uterus; MPS—medial paravesical space; LPS—lateral paravesical space; C—cervix; UMA—umbilical artery; VUL—cranial portion of the vesico-uterine ligament; PCF—pubocervical fascia.
