(A,B) Immunoblot analysis of phospho (p)-IRF3, IRF3, p-TBK1, TBK1, p-IKKε, and IKKε in wild-type (WT) or Irf8–/– bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) infected with E. coli (multiplicity of infection [MOI], 10) and C. rodentium (MOI, 10) for the indicated time. GAPDH was used as an internal control. Data are representative of three experiments.