Table 2.
Description of the lifestyle characteristics and their association with low birth weight
| Variable | Reference | Total (n = 1964) |
Normal birth weight (n = 1381) |
Preterm low birth weight (n = 294) |
Term low birth weight (n = 289) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | N (%) | ||
| Passive smoking | No | 1289 (65.6) | 924 (66.9) | 187 (63.6) | 178 (61.6) |
| Yes | 675 (34.4) | 457 (33.1) | 107 (36.4) | 111 (38.4) ** | |
| Drinking | No | 1925 (98.0) | 1359 (98.4) | 286 (97.3) | 280 (96.9) |
| Yes | 39 (2.0) | 22 (1.6) | 8 (2.7) | 9 (3.1) * | |
| Coffee or tea consumption (/week) | No | 1667 (84.9) | 1156 (83.7) | 260 (88.4) | 251 (86.9) |
| 1–3 | 257 (13.1) | 194 (14.0) | 30 (10.2) | 33 (11.4) | |
| ≥4 | 40 (2.0) | 31 (2.2) | 4 (1.4) | 5 (1.7) | |
| Physical activity (/week) | No | 419 (21.3) | 271 (19.6) | 82 (27.9) | 66 (22.8) |
| 1–3 | 672 (34.2) | 476 (34.5) | 95 (32.3) ** | 101 (34.9) | |
| ≥4 | 873 (44.5) | 634 (45.9) | 117 (39.8) ** | 122 (42.2) | |
| Gestational gain | Normal | 770 (39.2) | 570 (41.3) | 86 (29.3) | 114 (39.4) |
| Less | 721 (36.7) | 428 (31.0) | 151 (51.4) ** | 142 (49.1) ** | |
| More | 473 (24.1) | 383 (27.7) | 57 (19.4) | 33 (11.4) ** |
Note: In the analysis, the preterm and term LBW groups were compared with the normal weight group;
*p < 0.1; **p < 0.05