FIGURE 2.

Distribution profiles of m⁵C in mRNAs from systemic lupus erythematosus CD4⁺ T cells. (A) Venn diagram showing overlap of m⁵C sites within mRNAs between two SLE moderate/major active (SM-MA) pool replicates. (B) Bar chart showing level of m⁵C sites among healthy controls (HCs) and SLE stable (SA) and SLE moderate/major active (SM-MA) patients (***p < 0.001). (C) Bar chart showing number of m⁵C sites and m⁵C-containing mRNA among HCs and SA and SM-MA patients. (D) Venn diagram showing overlap of genes within m⁵C-containing mRNAs in HCs and SA and SM-MA patients. (E) Proportion of genes harboring different numbers of m⁵C sites in three groups. The majority of genes harboring only one m⁵C site except that in the HC group. (F) Bar chart showing percentage of mRNA m⁵C sites identified in each sequence context (CG, CHG, and CHH, where H = A, C, or U) in CD4⁺ T cells of HCs and SA and SM-MA patients. (G) Distribution of m⁵C sites along mRNA transcripts. The moving averages of percentages of mRNA m⁵C sites are shown (raw data; only HC2 and SM-MA2 group are shown here) (left). The averages of percentages of mRNA m⁵C sites within 5′UTR, StartC, CDS, stopC, and 3′UTR regions in transcriptomes are shown. Distribution of m⁵C sites peaks along mRNA transcripts are shown (right). (H) Sequence frequency logo for the sequences proximal to mRNA m⁵C sites among HCs and SLE patients. (I) Top differential enrichment mode motifs (SA vs. HC; SM-MA vs. HC) enriched across the sequences proximal to mRNA m⁵C sites identified from HCs and SA and SM-MA patients (only E-value < 0.05 was shown here).