Table 2.
The Association of Vaping With Self-Reported COPD Diagnosis in Different Age Groups
| Smoking and vaping status | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Age: 18–34 (n = 139 982) | Age: 35–64 (n = 425 843) | Age: 65+ (n = 310 826) | |
| Dual users | 2.84 (2.22, 3.63) | 4.02 (3.54, 4.57) | 8.38 (6.57, 10.68) |
| Current smokers | 2.32 (1.95, 2.76) | 3.50 (3.24, 3.78) | 5.35 (4.87, 5.89) |
| Current vapers who were ex-smokers | 1.79 (1.09, 2.93) | 2.76 (2.29, 3.32) | 6.77 (5.29, 8.66) |
| Current vapers who never smoked | 1.09 (0.66, 1.79)a | 1.56 (0.85, 2.85)b | 2.48 (0.81, 7.53)c |
| Ex-smokers | 1.80 (1.42, 2.29) | 2.27 (2.10, 2.45) | 3.21 (2.98, 3.45) |
| Never users | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Current smokers | 1.29 (1.01, 1.63) | 1.55 (1.44, 1.66) | 1.67 (1.53, 1.82) |
| Current vapers who were ex-smokers | 0.99 (0.59, 1.67) | 1.22 (1.01, 1.46) | 2.11 (1.66, 2.69) |
| Ex-smokers | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Ex-smokers | 0.78 (0.61, 0.99) | 0.65 (0.60, 0.70) | 0.60 (0.55, 0.65) |
| Dual users | 1.22 (0.96, 1.56) | 1.15 (1.02, 1.30) | 1.57 (1.22, 2.00) |
| Current vapers who were ex-smokers | 0.77 (0.47, 1.26) | 0.79 (0.66, 0.95) | 1.26 (0.98, 1.63) |
| Current vapers who never smoked | 0.47 (0.28, 0.78) | 0.44 (0.24, 0.81) | 0.46 (0.15, 1.41) |
| Current smokers | Reference | Reference | Reference |
BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ORs = odds ratios.
The covariates controlled for the adjusted ORs: age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, employment status, education, income, BMI, and general health.
a65 subjects with COPD out of 3135.
b50 subjects with COPD out of 649.
c11 subjects with COPD out of 93.