Table 2.
Participant Characteristics
| Total | Support messages (SM) | Smoking gradual reduction + SM | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | (N = 314) | (N = 163) | (N = 154) |
| Age (M, SD) | 28 (5) | 28 (6) | 27 (5) |
| Partnered (%) | 55 | 54 | 57 |
| Education (%) | |||
| Less than high school | 26 | 26 | 26 |
| High school/GED | 31 | 33 | 28 |
| Vocational school | 6 | 4 | 7 |
| Some college | 32 | 30 | 34 |
| College graduate or higher | 6 | 7 | 5 |
| Race (%) | |||
| White | 39 | 38 | 40 |
| Black | 53 | 54 | 52 |
| Other (14 reported more than one race) | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| Employment (%) | |||
| Employed | 34 | 28 | 40 |
| Not employed | 66 | 72 | 60 |
| Financial security (%) (missing n = 10) | |||
| Enough money for special things | 19 | 20 | 18 |
| Little spare money for extra things | 40 | 31 | 51 |
| Have money only to pay bills | 16 | 18 | 13 |
| Difficulty paying the bills | 22 | 28 | 16 |
| Site (%) | |||
| Durham | 85 | 85 | 85 |
| Fayetteville | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Took study cell phone | 46 | 54 | 38 |
| First pregnancy (%) | 12 | 11 | 14 |
| Wantedness of this pregnancy (missing n = 3) | |||
| Wanted to be pregnant now | 32 | 31 | 33 |
| Wanted to be pregnant later | 46 | 47 | 44 |
| Not sure if wanted to be pregnant | 6 | 4 | 8 |
| Did not want to be pregnant | 16 | 17 | 14 |
| Partner smokes (%) | 73 | 71 | 75 |
| Number of other household smokers (Median, IQR) (range 0–10) (missing n = 2) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 1 (1) |
| Cigarettes per day before this pregnancy (M, SD) | 17 (9) | 17 (10) | 17 (7) |
| Cigarettes per day in this pregnancy (M, SD) | 9 (5) | 9 (5) | 9 (5) |
| Nicotine dependence (FTND) (0–9) (M, SD) | 4 (2) | 4 (2) | 4 (2) |
| Withdrawal symptoms (M, SD) | 2 (1) | 2 (1) | 2 (1) |