TABLE 1.
Participant characteristics by serum UA strata (N = 429).
| Characteristic | High | Middle | Low | χ2 or F | p |
| N | 146 | 140 | 143 | ||
| Serum UA | 6.56 (0.94) | 5.05 (0.27) | 3.84 (0.52) | 640.426 | <0.001 |
| Age, y | 70.61 (8.22) | 70.30 (8.16) | 70.86 (7.68) | 0.173 | 0.841 |
| Female, % | 32. 19 | 61.43 | 74.83 | 55.812 | <0.001 |
| Education, y | 11.90 (4.27) | 11.34 (4.95) | 10.29 (3.88) | 4.297 | 0.014 |
| WLR | |||||
| MMSE | 26.06 (3.21) | 25.55(3.53) | 24.76 (3.59) | 5.271 | 0.005 |
| APOE4 positivity, % | 23.97 | 19.29 | 26.57 | 2.156 | 0.340 |
| Clinical diagnosis, CN, % | 71.92 | 70.00 | 60.84 | 4.595 | 0.101 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.97 (2.89) | 24.38 (2.89) | 22.78 (3.22) | 5.705 | 0.004 |
| Vascular risk score | 18.84 (16.41) | 15.12 (14.81) | 19.23 (17.39) | 2.755 | 0.065 |
| GDS score | 6.57 (6.47) | 5.87 (6.02) | 7.08 (6.22) | 1.344 | 0.262 |
| Serum albumin | 4.48 (0.24) | 4.48 (0.23) | 4.45 (0.24) | 1.151 | 0.317 |
| Smoking status, % | 33.216 | <0.001 | |||
| Never | 50.34 | 71.43 | 80.42 | ||
| Former | 44.14 | 23.57 | 15.38 | ||
| Smoker | 5.52 | 5.00 | 4.20 | ||
| Alcohol intake status, % | 30.118 | <0.001 | |||
| Never | 37.93 | 55.00 | 69.23 | ||
| Former | 18.62 | 10.71 | 11.19 | ||
| Drinker | 43.45 | 34.29 | 19.58 | ||
| AD neuroimage biomarkers | |||||
| Cerebral Aβ deposition | |||||
| Aβ positivity, % | 23.24 | 26.09 | 22.70 | 0.506 | 0.776 |
| Aβ retention, SUVR | 1.28 (0.36) | 1.29 (0.35) | 1.28 (0.35) | 0.069 | 0.934 |
| Cerebral tau depositionb | |||||
| AV-1451, SUVR | 1.53 (0.78) | 1.59 (0.76) | 1.68 (0.83) | 0.266 | 0.767 |
| Neurodegenerationc | |||||
| AD-CM, SUVR | 1.42 (0.14) | 1.39 (0.12) | 1.38 (0.12) | 3.602 | 0.028 |
| WMH volume, cm3 d | 6.31 (6.08) | 5.48(5.00) | 6.20 (5.06) | 0.833 | 0.436 |
Abbreviations: UA, uric acid; WLM, word list recall; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; APOE4, apolipoprotein ε4; CN, cognitively normal; GDS, Geriatric depression scale; Aβ, beta-amyloid; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; AD-CM, Alzheimer’s disease signature cerebral glucose metabolism; SUVR, standardized uptake value ratio; WMH, white matter hyperintensities. aUnless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as mean (standard deviation). bNumber of subjects = 107 (33 in high UA; 44 in middle UA; 30 in low UA), performed after an average of 2.6 (standard deviation 0.3) years from the baseline visit. cNumber of subjects = 412 (140 in high UA; 135 in middle UA; 137 in low UA). dNumber of subjects = 377 (132 in high UA; 118 in middle UA; 127 in low UA).