Table 1.

Inclusion criteria according to the PICOS framework.

Parameter	Description
Population	Health care professionals comprising medical students and medical doctors taking part in an educational endeavor taking place in LMICs.
Intervention	Studies that have evaluated asynchronous e-learning for medical education.
Comparison	Studies may have no comparison or comparator.
Outcome	Studies must include (i) evaluation methods used for asynchronous e-learning for medical education and (ii) outcome measures within their e-learning intervention
Studies	All study types that were published in English between 2007 and 2018 from peer-reviewed journals, conference papers. Opinion papers, commentaries, editorial notes, systematic reviews and meta-analysis were excluded.