Table 4.
Two-step cluster analyses of structures, processes and outcomes in three mental health (MH) service networks. Summary of the main results.
| Structures Manager characteristics |
Category 1 (n = 10; 22.2%) “Metropolitan network: primary care teams” |
Category 2 (n = 9; 20.0%) “Metropolitan network: specialized MH teams” |
Category 3 (n = 19; 42.2%) “Urban network: all teams” |
Category 4 (n = 7; 15.6%) “Semi-urban network: allC teams” |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Settings | Metropolitan MH service network | Metropolitan MH service network | Urban MH service network | Semi-urban MH service network c | |
| Government financial support for MH per inhabitant | Highly positive | Highly positive | Positive | Highly negative | |
| Proportion of population with low income | Highly negative | Highly negative | Highly positive | Positive | |
| High emergency room (ER) users | Positive | Highly negative | Positive | Highly positive | |
| Frequency in use of clinical approaches | Highly negative | Positive | Positive | Highly positive | |
| Frequency in use of standardized clinical procedures and tools | Highly negative | Highly positive | Positive | Negative | |
| Organizational culture (Mean, SD) | Clan culture | Highly positive | Highly negative | Negative | Positive |
| Entrepreneurial culture | Highly negative | Positive | Negative | Highly positive | |
| Market culture | Highly negative | Highly positive | Positive | Negative | |
| Hierarchical culture | Highly negative | Positive | Positive | Highly positive | |
| Frequency of interaction with other teams and services (Mean, SD) (rating: 0–5) | Highly negative | Highly negative | Highly positive | Highly negative | |
| Frequency in use of integration strategies (Mean, SD) (rating: 0–5) | Positive | Highly positive | Highly negative | Negative | |
|
Team processes MH professional characteristics |
Category 1 (n = 92; 29.6%) “Metropolitan network: psychosocial professionals” |
Category 2 (n = 112; 36.0%) Metropolitan and urban networks: senior medical professionals” |
Category 3 (n = 69; 22.2%) “Urban network: psychosocial professionals” |
Category 4 (n = 38; 12.2%) “Semi-urban network: all professionals” |
|
| Sites | Mostly Metropolitan MH service network | Mainly Metropolitan MH service network | Exclusively Urban MH service network | Exclusively Semi-urban MH service network | |
| Professions | Mainly psychosocial professions | Mainly medical professions | Exclusively psychosocial professions | Mainly psychosocial professions | |
| Seniority in profession | Medium | Oldest | Old | Youngest | |
| Recovery-Oriented Services | Highly negative | Highly positive | Positive | Negative | |
| Team Interdependence | Highly negative | Highly positive | Negative | Medium | |
| Team Support | Highly negative | Highly positive | Negative | Positive | |
| Team Autonomy | Highly negative | Positive | Medium | Highly positive | |
| Involvement in the Decision–Making Process | Highly negative | Highly positive | Negative | Highly positive | |
| Work Role Performance | Highly negative | Highly positive | Negative | Medium | |
| Conflict Between Co-Workers | Highly negative | Positive | Positive | Highly positive | |
| Team Collaboration | Highly negative | Highly positive | Medium | Positive | |
| Job Satisfaction | Highly negative | Highly positive | Medium | Positive | |
|
Outcomes Service user characteristics |
Category 1 (n = 84; 25.7%) “Metropolitan network: middle-age men with positive outcomes” |
Category 2 (n = 66; 20.1%) “Metropolitan network: older women with few MH problems” |
Category 3 (n = 88; 26.9%) “Metropolitan and other networks: service users with complex MH problems and negative outcomes” |
Category 4 (n = 89; 27.2%) “Urban and semi-urban networks: young service users with drug disorders” |
|
| Sites | Exclusively Metropolitan MH service network | Exclusively Metropolitan MH service network | From the three networks | Urban and semi-urban MH service networks | |
| Gender | Exclusively male | Exclusively female | Mainly female | Mixed | |
| Age categories | Mainly 45–54 | Mainly 55 and over | Mixed | Mainly 18–44 | |
| Number of MH disorders | Positive | Highly positive | Highly positive | Positive | |
| Personality disorders | Highly positive | Highly positive | Highly negative | Positive | |
| Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST) | Positive | Highly positive | Positive | Highly negative | |
| Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) | Highly negative | Highly positive | Negative | Positive | |
| Severity of needs | Highly positive | Positive | Highly negative | Negative | |
| Adequacy of help received | Negative | Highly negative | Highly positive | Positive | |
| Alberta Continuity of Services Scale (ACSS) for Mental Health | Highly positive | Negative | Negative | Negative | |
| Recovery Self-Assessment Scale (RSA) | Highly positive | Negative | Highly negative | Medium | |
| Quality of life (Satisfaction with Life Domains Scale – SLDS) | Highly positive | Positive | Highly negative | Negative | |