Table 3.
Multivariate Cox Regression Analyses of Relationship Between D-Dimer and Survival Outcomes in Patients with UTUC
| Variables | Recurrence-Free Survival | Cancer-Specific Survival | Overall Survival | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p | HR | 95% CI | p | HR | 95% CI | p | |
| Tumor size (≥3.0cm vs< 3.0cm) | 1.23 | 0.80–1.88 | 0.347 | 1.35 | 0.78–2.30 | 0.283 | 1.11 | 0.69–1.80 | 0.668 |
| Tumor location | 0.007 | < 0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||
| Pelvicalyceal vs ureter | 0.54 | 0.33–0.91 | 0.020 | 0.29 | 0.13–0.68 | 0.005 | 0.40 | 0.20–0.80 | 0.009 |
| Both vs ureter | 1.55 | 0.91–2.64 | 0.110 | 1.76 | 1.00–3.13 | 0.052 | 1.70 | 0.99–2.90 | 0.052 |
| Multifocality | 1.20 | 0.69–2.08 | 0.516 | 0.97 | 0.49–1.91 | 0.934 | 1.18 | 0.66–2.10 | 0.587 |
| Hydronephrosis | 1.09 | 0.69–1.73 | 0.717 | 1.97 | 1.03–3.75 | 0.040 | 1.89 | 1.08–3.30 | 0.026 |
| Tumor grade | |||||||||
| High grade vs low grade | 0.99 | 0.58–1.71 | 0.979 | 0.67 | 0.32–1.37 | 0.271 | 0.80 | 0.43–1.49 | 0.487 |
| Tumor stage | 0.039 | 0.038 | 0.060 | ||||||
| pT2 vs pT1 | 2.51 | 1.13–5.58 | 0.024 | 2.73 | 0.76–9.80 | 0.124 | 1.35 | 0.54–3.38 | 0.518 |
| pT3 vs pT1 | 2.95 | 1.30–6.70 | 0.010 | 4.48 | 1.28–15.68 | 0.019 | 2.53 | 1.04–6.15 | 0.041 |
| pT4 vs pT1 | 3.83 | 1.52–9.68 | 0.004 | 5.58 | 1.53–20.36 | 0.009 | 2.89 | 1.09–7.67 | 0.033 |
| LN status | 1.62 | 0.96–2.73 | 0.074 | 3.64 | 2.01–6.60 | < 0.001 | 2.57 | 1.49–4.45 | 0.001 |
| LVI | 1.42 | 0.73–2.76 | 0.305 | 1.33 | 0.58–3.08 | 0.502 | 1.17 | 0.54–2.55 | 0.691 |
| Surgical margin status | 0.98 | 0.48–2.00 | 0.962 | 1.02 | 0.47–2.20 | 0.960 | 1.17 | 0.57–2.40 | 0.673 |
| Concurrent bladder cancer | 1.36 | 0.77–2.41 | 0.294 | 1.00 | 0.51–1.95 | 0.993 | 1.16 | 0.65–2.08 | 0.607 |
| NLR ≥ 2.4 vs < 2.4 | 1.63 | 1.06–2.52 | 0.026 | 2.47 | 1.33–4.61 | 0.004 | 1.71 | 1.03–2.84 | 0.038 |
| D-dimer (≥ 0.36 vs 0.36 <) | 1.67 | 1.07–2.63 | 0.025 | 2.34 | 1.30–4.19 | 0.004 | 1.98 | 1.18–3.34 | 0.010 |
Abbreviations: UTUC, upper tract urinary carcinoma; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; VS, versus; LN, lymph node; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; NLR, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio.