Table 1. Seed characters surveyed and their representative codes and states.

Continuous characters values are averages.

Character	Character states
Categorical characters
1. Compression of seed or the number of ± flat faces that a seed has.	1 = dorsoventrally compressed are seeds with one flat face and one convex face; 2 = “angled”, seeds with 2 flat faces and one convex face; 3 = no compression; spherical or ovoid
2. Seed shape (the part with the hilum was considered the base of the seeds)	1 = elliptic; 2 = obovate; 3 = circular; 4 = ovate, 5 = oblong
3. Radicular end of embryo	1 = spherically enlarged; 2 = filiform
4. Hilum position	1 = terminal; 2 = subterminal
5. Hilum compression	1 = flat; 2 = concave
6. Dry seed epidermal cells	1 = pitted; 2 = non-pitted
7. Hydrated seed epidermal cells	1 = papillose; 2 = non-papillose
8. Seed epidermis cell shape (as seen in surface SEM images)	1 = elongated; 2 = isodiametric
9. Presence of outer palisade layer	0 = absent; 1 = present
Continuous characters
10. Number of embryo coils (a “coil” represents a 360° rotation of the filiform embryo)	-
11. Number of seeds per capsule	-
12. Seed length (usually the longest axis, measured from the hilum to the distal part of seeds)	μm
13. Seed width (the axis perpendicular on the length and in the same plane with it)	μm
14. Seed thickness (the axis perpendicular on the plane formed by the length and width).	μm
15. Hilum area length	μm
16. Hilum area width	μm
17. Length of funicular scar of the hilum	μm
18. Epidermal cell diameter (surface morphology)	μm
19. Thickness of epidermal cell (anatomy)	μm
20. Width of epidermal cell (anatomy)	μm
21. Thickness of outer palisade layer (anatomy)	μm
22. Thickness of inner or single palisade layer (anatomy)	μm
Ratios
23. Ratio of epidermal cell diameter and seed length. (Subg. Monogynella taxa were not included because of their different epidermal cell morphology).	-
24. Ratio of epidermal cell thickness and seed length	-
25. Ratio of inner + outer palisade thickness and seed length	-