Table 4.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who underwent adrenalectomy vs observation.
| Characteristic | Surgical resection (n=37) | Observation (n=268) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex – no. (%) | 23 (62) | 145 (54) | 0.36 |
| Age – yr (range) | 55 (25–86) | 64 (27–87) | 0.02 |
| Mode of discovery – no. (%) | |||
| Incidental | 25 (68) | 239 (89) | <0.001 |
| Cancer staging | 1 (2) | 26 (10) | |
| Mass effect symptoms | 11 (30) | 3 (1) | |
| Initial size (range) – cm | 6.8 (0.8–18.0) | 2.2 (0.5–18.0) | <.0001 |
| Overall change in size (range) – cm | 1.3 (−0.2, 11.5) | 0 (−1.0, 3.9) | <.0001 |
| ≥1.0 cm growth, overall – no. (%) | 9/15 (60) | 17/155 (11) | <.0001 |
| Growth rate (range) – mm/year | 4.5 (−6, 14) | 0 (−5.6, 7.8) | <.0001 |
| Hemorrhage – no. (%) | 5 (14) | 4 (1) | <.0001 |
| Hormonal workup – no. (%) | |||
| Autonomous cortisol secretion | 1/20 (5) | 2/72 (3) | 0.62 |
| Primary aldosteronism | 3/14 (21) | 6/60 (10) | 0.24 |
| Pheochromocytoma | 0/24 (0) | 0/72 (0) | -- |
| Median follow-up (range) – mo | 54 (1-226) | 54.5 (0.01-267) | 0.79 |