Fig. 1.

ROI-based area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) performance on the DBT test set while varying the simulated mammography sample size available for training. The data point and the upper and lower range show the mean and standard deviation of the test AUC resulting from ten random samplings of the training set of a given size from the original set. “A. Stage 1 (MAM:C₁)” denotes single-stage training using mammography data and the C₁-layer of the ImageNet pre-trained AlexNet frozen during transfer learning without stage 2. “B. Stage 2 (DBT:C₁)” denotes stage 2 C₁-frozen transfer learning at a fixed (100%) DBT training set size after stage 1 transfer learning (curve A). “C. Stage 2 (DBT:C₁-F₄)” denotes stage 2 C₁-to-F₄-frozen transfer learning at a fixed (100%) DBT training set size after stage 1 transfer learning (curve A). [reprint with permission⁵⁰]