Figure 1.

Schematic of the envisioned MBT-film delivery system. (A) Microbes are first encapsulated with storage excipients in MBT-films followed by encapsulation into oral capsules with enteric coatings. After oral administration, the capsules pass through stomach, dissolve, and release MBT-films in the intestines. (B) Building on these existing advantages of capsules, MBT-films can be engineered for mucoadhesion and tunable release for modifying the spatiotemporal distribution of the MBT along the intestines.