Table 1.

Main items of the echo Doppler examination in cancer patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation

1. Search cardiac sources of systemic emboli (use TEE before electrical cardioversion of paroxysmal AF)

2. Measure LV mass and relative wall thickness to provide information on LV geometry

3. Measure LV-EF and, whenever available, GLS to provide information on LV systolic function

4. Measure transmitral E/A ratio, E velocity DT, e’ velocity of mitral annulus, E/e’ ratio, and TR velocity to classify LV diastolic function and degree of LV filling pressures

5. Measure LAVi, LA emptying fraction and, whenever available, LA strain to provide information on LA size and function

6. Search concomitant valvular heart disease

7. Consider all these measurements to address the choice of oncologist (dose adjustment of cancer therapy, temporary interruption, and definitive withdrawn)

DT=Deceleration time, EF=Ejection fraction, GLS=Global longitudinal strain, LA=Left atrial, LV=Left ventricular, TR=Tricuspid regurgitation, TEE=Transesophageal echocardiography, AF=Atrial fibrillation, LAVi=LA volume index