Analysis of Different Methods to Adjust for Blood Pressure Treatment in the Relationship Between Systolic Blood Pressure And Diabetes in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

	2005–2006		2007–2008		2009–2010		2011–2012
	Beta coefficient or odds ratio	95% CI	Beta coefficient or odds ratio	95% CI	Beta coefficient or odds ratio	95% CI	Beta coefficient or odds ratio	95% CI	P value*
Men	n=360		n=448		n=444		n=402
No adjustment	5.94	−0.22, 12.09	6.12	−3.47, 15.70	2.04	−3.66, 7.73	8.39	−0.21, 17.00	0.95
Treatment as covariate	3.91	−3.29, 11.10	6.03	−3.56, 15.62	1.74	−4.05, 7.53	8.19	−0.46, 16.85	0.90
Fixed effect (+15 mmHg)	11.37	4.68, 18.06	7.00	−2.55, 16.54	3.71	−3.41, 10.83	11.55	3.54, 19.56	0.72
Non-parametric adjustment	21.17	13.89, 28.45	7.49	−1.90, 16.88	6.48	−3.37, 16.33	15.51	7.87, 23.16	0.17
Censored normal regression†	37.58	−	10.17	−	12.24	−	20.93	−	−
HypertensionϮ	48.67	5.31, 446.33	1.55	0.54, 4.44	2.67	0.52, 13.64	2.86	1.11, 7.33	0.12
Women	n=401		n=524		n=609		n=499
No adjustment	10.33	0.92, 19.73	2.13	−4.47, 8.72	0.04	−5.51, 5.59	6.32	−2.25, 14.90	0.22
Treatment as covariate	9.17	0.33, 18.00	1.52	−5.29, 8.33	−0.42	−5.83, 5.00	5.13	−4.39, 14.64	0.25
Fixed effect (+15 mmHg)	12.69	2.52, 22.86	3.27	−3.59, 10.13	1.01	−4.99, 7.00	8.50	0.48, 16.53	0.22
Non-parametric adjustment	15.49	4.22, 26.75	5.44	−2.35, 13.23	3.40	−3.36, 10.16	10.99	2.74, 19.24	0.21
Censored normal regression†	20.05	−	8.53	−	4.47	−	17.17	−	−
HypertensionϮ	4.41	1.43, 13.64	1.45	0.60, 3.51	1.36	0.80, 2.34	3.02	1.27, 7.21	0.40

Analyses were adjusted for age and weighted using NHANES analytical weights. Beta coefficients are difference in systolic blood pressure (mmHg) between those with diabetes compared to without diabetes.

^†Results are beta coefficients. 95% confidence intervals are not reported as variance estimates could not be adjusted for stratification and clustering in the sampling design, thus considered unreliable.

^ϮResults are odds ratio (95% CI).

^*P value for interaction between diabetes and time.