TABLE 2.

Self‐comparison of MoCA scores in AD and aMCI patients before and after hyperbaric oxygen treatment

	AD				aMCI
	Baseline	1‐month follow‐up	3‐month follow‐up	6‐month follow‐up	Baseline	1‐month follow‐up	3‐month follow‐up	6‐month follow‐up
MoCA scores	10.86 ± 6.70	12.71 ± 7.39	11.38 ± 6.64	10.53 ± 6.69	21.91 ± 3.27	24.73 ± 4.31	24.64 ± 5.07	25.18 ± 4.24
P value	–	0.000 *	0.280	0.799	–	0.007 *	0.059	0.019 *
Visuospatial abilities and executive functions	1.45 ± 1.43	1.74 ± 1.36	1.60 ± 1.42	1.65 ± 1.44	3.82 ± 0.87	4.00 ± 1.00	4.18 ± 0.98	4.36 ± 0.67
P value	–	0.032 *	0.275	0.094	–	0.414	0.340	0.058
Naming	1.86 ± 1.14	2.00 ± 1.04	1.83 ± 1.15	1.75 ± 1.08	3.00 ± 0.00	3.00 ± 0.00	3.00 ± 0.00	2.91 ± 0.30
P value	–	0.326	0.837	0.572	–	1.00	1.00	0.317
Memory	0.48 ± 1.17	0.64 ± 1.34	0.48 ± 1.23	0.50 ± 1.20	1.00 ± 1.26	2.82 ± 2.09	2.73 ± 2.24	2.73 ± 2.05
P value	–	0.190	0.952	1.000	–	0.017 *	0.024 *	0.020 *
Attention and calculation	3.00 ± 2.11	3.10 ± 1.96	3.21 ± 1.84	2.80 ± 1.90	5.64 ± 0.50	5.73 ± 0.47	5.64 ± 0.92	5.91 ± 0.30
P value	–	0.511	0.202	0.533	–	0.564	1.00	0.083
Language and abstract reasoning	1.81 ± 1.69	2.26 ± 1.86	1.50 ± 1.64	1.35 ± 1.59	3.33 ± 0.81	4.09 ± 0.30	3.73 ± 1.68	3.73 ± 1.74
P value	–	0.014 *	0.040 *	0.039 *	–	0.033 *	0.314	0.473
Orientation to time and place	2.40 ± 1.77	2.79 ± 1.96	2.36 ± 1.91	2.35 ± 1.73	5.00 ± 1.81	5.09 ± 1.22	5.36 ± 0.81	5.36 ± 1.21
P value	–	0.052	0.721	0.985	–	0.783	0.206	0.389

Data of MoCA scores in AD patients were analyzed by paired t test; data of MoCA scores in aMCI patients were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed‐rank test; data of the six subitems of MoCA scores in AD and aMCI patients were analyzed by Wilcoxon signed‐rank test.

^* P < 0.05. Sample size: n = 42 in AD patients (n = 40 at 6‐month follow‐up); n = 11 in aMCI patients. The P values of 1‐, 3‐, and 6‐month follow‐up were compared with the baseline level.

Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer's disease: aMCI, amnestic mild cognitive impairment; MOCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment