Table 1.
Characteristics of Participants by Categories of BMI and WC (N=995)
| Variables | BMI n (%) | WC (cm) n (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Underweight 5 (0.5) | Normal 524 (52.7) | Overweight 367 (36.9) | Obese 99 (9.9%) | <90 (M) <80 (W) 492(49.4) | ≥90 (M) ≥80 (W) 503 (50.6) | |
| Socio-Demographic Characteristics | ||||||
| Age | ||||||
| 65–74 | 1 (20.0) | 304 (58.0) | 159 (43.3) | 47(47.5) | 246 (48.9) | 265 (53.9) |
| 75–84 | 2 (40.0) | 178 (34.0) | 142 (38.7) | 34 (34.3) | 172 (34.2) | 184 (37.4) |
| ≥85 | 2 (40.0) | 42 (8.0) | 66 (18.0) | 18 (18.2) | 85 (16.9) | 43 (8.7) |
| Gender | ||||||
| Men | 4 (80.0) | 299 (57.1) | 130 (35.4) | 39 (39.4) | 232 (46.1) | 240 (48.8) |
| Women | 1 (20.0) | 225 (42.9) | 237 (64.6) | 60 (60.6) | 271 (53.9) | 252 (51.2) |
| Marital Status | ||||||
| Married/With partner | 4 (80.0) | 465 (87.9) | 279 (76.0) | 72 (72.7) | 394 (78.3) | 422 (85.8) |
| Others | 1 (20.0) | 65 (12.1) | 88 (24.0) | 27 (27.3) | 109 (21.7) | 70 (14.2) |
| Monthly Income in Yuan (Dollar) | ||||||
| <1000 (<$143) | 1 (20.0) | 90 (17.0) | 61 (16.6) | 17 (17.2) | 113 (22.5) | 55 (11.2) |
| 1000–1999 ($143–$286) | 1 (20.0) | 219 (41.4) | 130 (35.4) | 49 (49.5) | 195 (38.8) | 133 (27.0) |
| 2000–2999 ($286–$429) | 3 (60.0) | 106 (20.0) | 125(34.1) | 29 (29.3) | 137 (27.2) | 160 (32.5) |
| ≥3000 (≥$429) | 0 (0.0) | 114 (21.6) | 51 (13.9) | 4 (4.0) | 58 (11.5) | 144 (29.3) |
| Educational Level | ||||||
| No schooling | 0 (0.0) | 15 (2.9) | 61 (16.6) | 32 (32.3) | 77 (15.3) | 31 (6.3) |
| Primary school | 2 (40.0) | 34 (6.5) | 138 (37.6) | 45 (45.5) | 133 (27.2) | 86 (17.5) |
| Middle school | 1 (20.0) | 225 (42.9) | 155 (42.2) | 20 (20.2) | 203 (40.4) | 198 (40.2) |
| High school | 2 (40.0) | 166 (31.7) | 9 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 66 (13.1) | 111 (22.6) |
| University | 0 (0.0) | 84 (15.9) | 4 (1.1) | 2 (2.0) | 24 (4.8) | 66 (13.4) |
| Comorbid Diseases | ||||||
| 0 | 2 (40.0) | 117 (22.3) | 78 (21.3) | 31 (31.3) | 141(28.0) | 87 (17.7) |
| 1 | 2 (40.0) | 141 (26.9) | 110 (30.0) | 18 (18.2) | 146 (29.0) | 125 (25.4) |
| ≥2 | 1 (20.0) | 266 (50.8) | 179 (48.7) | 50 (50.5) | 216 (43.0) | 280 (56.9) |
| Lifestyle Characteristics | ||||||
| Smoking | ||||||
| Yes | 4 (80.0) | 178(34.0) | 120 (32.7) | 27 (27.3) | 183 (36.4) | 143 (29.1) |
| No | 1 (20.0) | 346 (66.0) | 247 (67.3) | 72 (72.7) | 320 (63.6) | 349 (70.9) |
| Drinking Alcohol | ||||||
| Yes | 1 (20.0) | 142(27.1) | 126 (34.3) | 49 (49.4) | 185 (36.8) | 133 (27.0) |
| No | 4 (80.0) | 382 (72.9) | 241 (65.7) | 50 (50.6) | 318 (63.2) | 359 (73.0) |
| Physical Activity | ||||||
| Always | 4 (80.0) | 251 (47.9) | 182 (49.6) | 47 (47.5) | 211 (41.9) | 273 (55.5) |
| Sometimes | 1 (20.0) | 148 (28.2) | 111 (30.2) | 35 (35.4) | 198 (39.4) | 97 (19.7) |
| Hardly ever | 0 (0.0) | 125 (23.9) | 74 (20.2) | 17 (17.1) | 94 (18.7) | 122 (24.8) |
| Breakfast | ||||||
| Yes | 5 (100.0) | 508 (96.9) | 359 (97.8) | 96 (97.0) | 478 (95.0) | 490 (99.6) |
| No | 0 (0.0) | 16 (3.1) | 8 (2.2) | 3 (3.0) | 25 (5.0) | 2 (0.4) |
| Frailty | ||||||
| Multidimensional Frailty | ||||||
| Yes | 1 (20.0) | 189 (36.1) | 211 (57.5) | 59 (59.6) | 302 (60.0) | 161 (32.7) |
| No | 4 (80.0) | 335 (63.9) | 156 (42.5) | 40 (40.4) | 201 (40.0) | 331 (67.3) |
| Physical Frailty | ||||||
| Yes | 3 (60.0) | 106 (20.2) | 120 (32.7) | 38 (38.4) | 173 (34.4) | 94 (19.1) |
| No | 2 (40.0) | 418 (79.8) | 247 (67.3) | 61 (61.6) | 330 (65.6) | 398 (80.9) |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference.