Figure 1.

Experimental design. A, Effects of iTBS-γ tACS. Neurophysiological assessment started with the montage of tACS electrodes. Then, rMT, AMT, and the intensity able to induce an MT1mV were measured. In both iTBS-γ tACS (top line) and iTBS-sham tACS (bottom line) sessions, 32 TMS stimuli (16 single pulses and 16 SICI) were randomly delivered before and 5, 15, and 30 min after the costimulation. B, Effects of iTBS-β tACS. In a separate session involving a subgroup of patients, 16 single pulses and 16 SICI were randomly delivered before and 5, 15, and 30 min after iTBS-β tACS. C, Effects of γ-tACS alone on M1 excitability. Sixteen single-pulse MEPs and 16 SICI were recorded before, during, and after γ-tACS.