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. 2020 May 18;17(9):1257–1268. doi: 10.7150/ijms.44285

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IL-1β stimulation promotes the stemness phenotype of squamous cell carcinoma cells and melanoma cells. IL-1β stimulation increased the percentage of ALDH^high CSCs. The results analyzed by flow cytometry in squamous cell carcinoma cells (A) and melanoma cells (B). IL-1β stimulation upregulated the expression of stem cell genes Nanog, SOX2 and OCT4 in squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma models (C, D). (D) The relative protein expression ratio of variable stemness genes were normalized to internal control. IL-1β enhance the sphere formation capabilities of SCC7 cells (E) and B16-F10 cells (F). Representative images of sphere formation were shown on the left. Chemoresistance was analyzed using MTT assay after IL-1β stimulation. (G) IL-1β-stimulated SCC7 cells were more resistant to paclitaxel (PTX) than control cells. (H) IL-1β-stimulated B16-F10 cells were more resistant to doxorubicin (DOX).