Table 1. Threats identified in the literature.

Threats declared in the 46 papers returned by Web of Science topic search threat* “soil biodiversity” on 27th November 2019. These are categorised (in rows) by whether they were either experimental (E), literature review (L) or meta-analytical (M) papers. The studies are categorised (in columns) into broad “threat” issues considered in each paper including Climate Change, Land Use Change, Intensive Human Exploitation, Decline in Soil Health or Plastic; followed by detailed listing of threats.

	Climate change		Land use change							Intensive human exploitation					Decline in soil health									Plastic
Experimental, mapping or workshop/ Literature Review/ Meta-analysis	Climate change	Soil temp/moisture	Land use change	Deforestation	Conversion to ag	Soil sealing	Habitat fragmentation	Habitat disruption	Invasive species	Human exploitation	Intensive agriculture				Soil Degradation	Soil organic matter decline	Soil contamination	Soil compaction	Soil erosion	Soil salinization	Decline in soil nutrients	Atmospheric deposition (N and S)	Microplastics	Plastic mulch	Reference
											Intensive agriculture	Tillage	Chemicals	GMOs
E													X					X							Meng et al. (2019)
E								X																	Spaans et al. (2019)
L	X	X	X	X		X		X	X		X		X				X					X	X		Geisen, Wall & van der Putten (2019)
M			X								X														Cameron et al. (2019)
E												X	X												Gu et al. (2019)
E			X			X				X					X	X	X	X	X	X					Tibbett et al. (2019)
E			X	X								X													Goss-Souza et al. (2019)
M			X	X	X				X			X	X					X							Franco et al. (2019)
E																						X			Shao et al. (2018)
L	X		X	X	X		X	X	X		X	X	X				X	X	X	X					Reinecke & Reinecke (2018)
E			X								X		X			X				X	X				Toth, Hornung & Baldi (2018)
M	X	X																	X						Hamidov et al. (2018)
E	X	X	X	X			X	X		X							X		X	X					Napierala, Ksiązkiewicz-Parulska & Błoszyk (2018)
E			X	X								X													Peerawat et al. (2018)
E																	X								Conti et al. (2018)
E		X									X							X						X	Schirmel et al. (2018)
E		X	X							X							X				X				Kostecka et al. (2018)
M									X																Ferlian et al. (2018)
L									X			X	X			X		X	X						Techen & Helming (2017)
E	X		X			X			X	X				X		X	X	X	X	X					Li et al. (2017)
E	X	X	X			X	X	X	X	X		X	X	X		X	X	X	X	X					Aksoy et al. (2017)
E			X									X	X												Castañeda & Barbosa (2017)
E			X								X											X			Zhang et al. (2017)
L	X	X									X		X			X	X								Pagano et al. (2017)
E	X					X					X					X	X	X	X	X					Griffiths et al. (2016)
E			X								X	X				X		X							Schorpp & Schrader (2016)
E	X		X			X	X			X			X	X		X	X	X	X	X					Orgiazzi, Bardgett & Barrios (2016)
L																	X								Agathokleous et al. (2016)
L	X		X			X		X								X	X	X	X						Montanarella & Panagos (2015)
E						X											X	X		X					Martin et al. (2015)
L	X	X	X								X	X				X			X						Acosta-Martínez et al. (2015)
E													X												Van Geel et al. (2015)
E			X		X						X					X									Tsiafouli et al. (2015)
L													X												Chagnon et al. (2015)
E			X									X	X												Lavelle et al. (2014)
L											X	X	X												Clermont-Dauphin et al. (2014)
E	X		X			X	X	X	X	X	X			X	X	X	X	X	X						Gardi, Jeffery & Saltelli (2013)
L	X		X	X							X		X				X								Huang et al. (2013)
E	X		X																						Carpenter et al. (2012)
E													X												Jordaan, Reinecke & Reinecke (2012)
E			X				X	X																	Galanes & Thomlinson (2011)
E	X		X			X	X	X	X	X				X		X	X	X	X						Jeffery & Gardi (2010)
L	X		X				X	X	X	X	X			X	X	X	X	X	X						Gardi et al. (2009)
E	X							X	X	X	X						X								Wall et al. (2004)
L		X										X	X				X				X				Bongers & Bongers (1998)
L			X	X			X	X	X				X				X								Hagvar (1998)