TABLE 5.
The 48 most significant metabolites among 51 metabolites which contributed to the incidence of dry eye.
| Metabolite | OR | CL | CU | FDR | P | KEGG | HMDB |
| Glutamate* | 0.15892318 | 0.05881561 | 0.42941961 | 0.00474346 | 0.00028695 | C00025 | HMDB0000148 |
| N-Acetylglucosamine* | 0.33352376 | 0.18169142 | 0.61223639 | 0.00474346 | 0.00039529 | C00140 | HMDB0000215 |
| Urocanic acid* | 0.30038193 | 0.15246704 | 0.59179546 | 0.00474346 | 0.00050841 | C00785 | HMDB0000301 |
| Dibutyl phthalate* | 4.9575756 | 1.964163 | 12.512992 | 0.00474346 | 0.00070123 | C14214 | HMDB0033244 |
| Cholesterol* | 0.32553998 | 0.16974262 | 0.62433511 | 0.00474346 | 0.0007306 | C00187 | HMDB0000067 |
| fumarate* | 2.93700184 | 1.57053771 | 5.49237356 | 0.00474346 | 0.00074232 | C00122 | HMDB0000134 |
| Lactate* | 2.87485838 | 1.55392837 | 5.31865616 | 0.00474346 | 0.00076742 | C00186 | HMDB0000190 |
| L-Tyrosine* | 0.11616869 | 0.03287657 | 0.41047964 | 0.00474346 | 0.00082995 | C00082 | HMDB0000158 |
| Betaine* | 0.26844912 | 0.12382333 | 0.58199799 | 0.00474346 | 0.0008652 | C00719 | HMDB0000043 |
| L-Valine* | 0.34191908 | 0.18113828 | 0.6454111 | 0.00474346 | 0.00093009 | C00183 | HMDB0000883 |
| Amino-n-butyrate* | 0.23891563 | 0.09963151 | 0.57291791 | 0.00575326 | 0.00133553 | NA | NA |
| Gamma-Aminobutyric acid* | 0.23879924 | 0.09944765 | 0.57341804 | 0.00575326 | 0.00135371 | C00334 | HMDB0000112 |
| Oxidized glutathione* | 0.38068595 | 0.20887416 | 0.69382345 | 0.00632659 | 0.00161266 | C00127 | HMDB0003337 |
| Thiodiacetic acid* | 0.37739123 | 0.20461086 | 0.69607324 | 0.00653555 | 0.00180862 | C01857 | HMDB0031188 |
| L-Methionine* | 0.39076767 | 0.21502082 | 0.71016085 | 0.00653555 | 0.00204947 | C00073 | HMDB0000696 |
| Pyrrolidonecarboxylic acid* | 0.36061539 | 0.18740786 | 0.69390611 | 0.00653555 | 0.00225616 | C02237 | HMDB0000805 |
| Octadecanamide* | 0.39764946 | 0.21949705 | 0.72039732 | 0.00653555 | 0.00235239 | C13846 | HMDB0034146 |
| L-Proline* | 2.71415154 | 1.42470751 | 5.17061821 | 0.00653555 | 0.00239396 | C00148 | HMDB0000162 |
| Inosine* | 0.11144874 | 0.02697315 | 0.46048842 | 0.00653555 | 0.00243481 | C00294 | HMDB0000195 |
| L-Tryptophan* | 0.42621286 | 0.24230821 | 0.7496956 | 0.00784822 | 0.00307773 | C00078 | HMDB0000929 |
| Hypoxanthine* | 0.29993152 | 0.13456396 | 0.6685216 | 0.00785034 | 0.00323249 | C00262 | HMDB0000157 |
| L-Phenylalanine* | 3.67273631 | 1.51638767 | 8.89547722 | 0.00890948 | 0.0039459 | C00079 | HMDB0000159 |
| Purine* | 0.21222101 | 0.07380947 | 0.6101894 | 0.00890948 | 0.004018 | C15587 | HMDB0001366 |
| Uracil* | 0.41871956 | 0.22873078 | 0.76651719 | 0.01014436 | 0.00477382 | C00106 | HMDB0000300 |
| Glucose* | 2.83823315 | 1.3674437 | 5.89096821 | 0.01018904 | 0.00511095 | C00031 | HMDB0000122 |
| Uridine* | 0.41091757 | 0.220228 | 0.76672017 | 0.01018904 | 0.00519441 | C00299 | HMDB0000296 |
| Cytosine* | 2.74780932 | 1.32931549 | 5.67995794 | 0.01202255 | 0.00636488 | C00380 | HMDB0000630 |
| Oleamide* | 2.44685903 | 1.27149955 | 4.7087072 | 0.01344234 | 0.00738011 | C19670 | HMDB0002117 |
| Adenine* | 0.4549752 | 0.25202611 | 0.82135314 | 0.01578398 | 0.0089752 | C00147 | HMDB0000034 |
| L-Isoleucine* | 0.46790707 | 0.26221692 | 0.83494622 | 0.01712454 | 0.0101541 | C00407 | HMDB0000172 |
| Squalene* | 0.2605037 | 0.09280449 | 0.73123806 | 0.01712454 | 0.01063655 | C00751 | HMDB0000256 |
| [8]-Shogaol* | 0.46518125 | 0.25836679 | 0.83754416 | 0.01712454 | 0.01074481 | C10494 | HMDB0031463 |
| malate* | 2.83554082 | 1.26616827 | 6.35009732 | 0.01714406 | 0.01128604 | C00149 | HMDB0000156 |
| creatine* | 2.17111139 | 1.19063873 | 3.95898818 | 0.01714406 | 0.01142937 | C00300 | HMDB0000064 |
| Niacinamide* | 5.44745851 | 1.4046755 | 21.1257363 | 0.02073519 | 0.01423003 | C00153 | HMDB0001406 |
| acetylcholine* | 2.1406061 | 1.12609791 | 4.06909065 | 0.02830387 | 0.02021258 | C01996 | HMDB0000895 |
| pyruvic acid* | 2.33590317 | 1.13945145 | 4.78865828 | 0.02830387 | 0.02053418 | C00022 | HMDB0000243 |
| L-Serine* | 0.42525807 | 0.20369022 | 0.88784051 | 0.03060053 | 0.02280039 | C00065 | HMDB0000187 |
| Lithocholic acid* | 0.45386319 | 0.22816228 | 0.90283021 | 0.0318622 | 0.02436521 | C03990 | HMDB0000761 |
| Citric acid* | 2.05194986 | 1.08127092 | 3.89402706 | 0.03553974 | 0.0278743 | C00158 | HMDB0000094 |
| glycine* | 0.44191416 | 0.20966057 | 0.931449 | 0.03866868 | 0.03181944 | C00037 | HMDB0000123 |
| Spermine* | 0.34996191 | 0.1341625 | 0.91287309 | 0.03866868 | 0.0318448 | C00750 | HMDB0001256 |
| Guanine* | 0.59179132 | 0.36040424 | 0.97173375 | 0.04523848 | 0.03814225 | C00242 | HMDB0000132 |
| Alpha-dimorphecolic acid* | 2.04750337 | 1.03654999 | 4.0444456 | 0.04529542 | 0.0390784 | C14767 | HMDB0004670 |
| Formate* | 2.62276742 | 1.04426296 | 6.58733401 | 0.0455058 | 0.04015218 | C00058 | HMDB0000142 |
| Butyrylcarnitine* | 0.54961227 | 0.30885677 | 0.97803797 | 0.04589771 | 0.0417985 | C02862 | HMDB0002013 |
| L-Kynurenine* | 1.77187779 | 1.02008151 | 3.07774513 | 0.04589771 | 0.04229789 | C00328 | HMDB0000684 |
| Pyroglutamic acid* | 0.52951971 | 0.28364654 | 0.98852298 | 0.04877657 | 0.04590736 | C01879 | HMDB0000267 |
| Arginine | 3.00381699 | 0.99530218 | 9.06550465 | 0.05306126 | 0.05098043 | C00062 | HMDB0000517 |
| Choline | 1.73881637 | 0.90931083 | 3.32502625 | 0.09630046 | 0.09441221 | C00114 | HMDB0000097 |
| Glycocholic acid | 1.32778957 | 0.78435453 | 2.24774013 | 0.29114021 | 0.29114021 | C01921 | HMDB0000138 |
OR, odds ratio; CL, lower of confidence interval; CU, upper of confidence interval. * P < 0.05.