. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 15.

Published in final edited form as: Ann Longterm Care. 2020 Jan 22;28(2):e12–e19.

Table 3.

Determined Overall Quality of Studies Assessing Interventions Used in NH-ED Transitions of Care

Author, Year	Overall Quality
Terrell, 2005²²	Fair. Only 31.9% of transfers during the intervention period utilized the transfer form.
Hustey, 2010²⁴	Fair. This study went to lengths to ensure blinding where possible. Experts in survey research reviewed surveys. Only 47% of transfers used the transfer form.
Yeaman, 2015²⁵	Poor. Descriptive statistical analyses utilized.
Tsai, 2018²¹	Good. Qualitative interviews with NH nurses as well as iterative rounds of feedback from 50 experts in the field used to develop NHERT.
Zamora, 2012²⁶	Poor. Authors were required to implement a 1-month interventional strategy to “prime” the system (eg, calling NHs) due to the lack of online referrals. Only 22.7% of post-intervention transfers were accompanied by online referral.
Carson, 2017²⁷	Fair. Multiple PDSA cycles leave room for confounding effect.
Tupper, 2015²⁸	Fair. Evaluated “nonequivalent interventions and in conditions that do not allow for controlled research designs.”
Kelly, 2012²⁰	Fair. The authors faced issues with the design of their form and potential loss of the RTF in the formal medical record.
Zafirau, 2012²³	Fair. Less than 50% of transfers in intervention phase utilized transfer form.
Dalawari, 2011²⁹	Fair. There was a statistically significant difference in age, with the transfer form group having a mean age of approximately 4 years.
Cwinn, 2009⁷	Good. No statistical difference between transfer form group and nontransfer form group regarding chief complaint.

Abbreviations: ED, emergency department; NH, nursing home; NHERT, nursing home to emergency room transfer checklist; PDSA, plan-do-study-act cycle; RTF, resident transfer form.