. 2020 Jun 11;13:1723–1733. doi: 10.2147/IDR.S243732

Table 3.

Antibiotic-Resistance Rate of K. pneumoniae Isolated from Sputum

	n	Without Diabetes		p-value^a	Diabetes (%)	p-value^b	p-value^c
	n	Normal (%)	Hyperglycemia on Admission (%)	p-value^a	Diabetes (%)	p-value^b	p-value^c
ESBL	346	27 (16.3)	13 (15.9)	0.996	21 (21.5)	0.505	0.574
Penicillin
Ampicillin	341	151 (93.2)	77 (96.3)	0.602	94 (950)	0.428	0.680
β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor Combinations
Ampicillin–sulbactam	359	46 (26.9)	47 (54.7)	<0.001	30 (29.4)	0.406	0.859
Piperacillin–tazobactam	356	25 (14.7)	29 (34.5)	0.001	15 (14.7)	0.358	0.986
Cefoperazone–sulbactam	335	22 (13.8)	30 (39.0)	<0.001	13 (13.3)	0.176	0.986
Cephems
Ceftriaxone	325	54 (35.3)	45 (57.7)	<0.001	39 (41.5)	0.637	0.329
Ceftazidime	363	41 (23.7)	39 (45.4)	<0.001	29 (27.8)	0.836	0.682
Cefepime	363	27 (15.7)	34 (39.1)	<0.001	23 (22.1)	0.437	0.281
Monobactams
Aztreonam	322	46 (30.3)	39 (50.7)	0.003	31 (33.3)	0.074	0.159
Quinolones
Ciprofloxacin	363	42 (24.4)	38 (43.7)	0.007	30 (28.9)	0.671	0.561
Levofloxacin	322	36 (24.0)	32 (41.0)	0.028	21 (22.3)	0.196	0.578
Aminoglycosides
Gentamycin	363	37 (21.4)	40 (46.0)	<0.001	21 (20.4)	0.074	0.844
Amikacin	363	22 (12.7)	29 (33.3)	<0.001	15 (14.6)	0.428	0.680
Folate-pathway inhibitors
Trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole	364	31 (17.9)	35 (40.2)	<0.001	21 (20.2)	0.173	0.382
Carbapenems
Ertapenem	323	33 (21.9)	28 (35.9)	0.069	23 (24.5)	0.599	0.662
Imipenem	364	30 (17.3)	31 (35.6)	0.002	16 (15.4)	0.193	0.914
Meropenem	333	26 (16.6)	28 (35.9)	0.003	15 (15.3)	0.245	0.915
Glycylcycline
Tigecycline	296	2 (1.4)	4 (5.8)	0.140	2 (2.3)	0.830	0.628
Other
Fosfomycin	283	34 (26.4)	24 (35.3)	0.221	23 (26.7)	0.880	0.861

Notes: ^a–^cNormal vs hyperglycemia on admission, with diabetes vs without diabetes, and normal vs diabetes, respectively.