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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Voice. 2019 Dec 17;35(3):411–417. doi: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.015

Table 3.

Main effects and interactions of voice SPL, fo, and loudness condition on CPPS within the patient and control groups.

Effect patient group
control group
F estimates (CI) SER df F estimates (CI) SER df



SPL (dB SPL@10 cm) 112.6* 0.31 (0.25–0.36) 0.029 162 34.4* 0.18 (0.13–0.24) 0.026 158
fo (Hz) 81.7* −0.036 (−0.04–−0.03) 0.003 110 17.6* −0.02 (−0.03–−0.02) 0.004 152
loudness condition 1.6 −0.85 (−1.9–0.16) 0.51 160 49.9* −2.50 (−3.4–−0.24) 0.459 151
SPL × fo 27.2* 0.001 (0.001–0.001) 6.01 84 19.7* 0.001 (0.001–0.001) 4.50 160
fo × loudness condition 119.4* −0.03 (−0.4–−0.001) 0.004 91 78.6* −0.30 (−0.04–−0.01) 0.005 143
SPL × loudness condition 206.3* 0.26 (0.20–0.32) 0.04 161 116.5* 0.18 (0.13–0.23) 0.03 156

Results of LMM analysis with ANCOVA. Abbreviations: CI = Confidence Interval, SER = Standard Error, df = degree of freedom.

*

p ≤ .001