Fig. 1.

Visfatin increased CCL20 mRNA levels and secretion in THP-1 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. a, b THP-1 cells were treated for 24 h with the indicated concentrations of visfatin (0–400 ng/mL). After incubation, CCL20 mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR (a) and CCL20 protein levels in cell-culture supernatants were measured by ELISA (b). c, d THP-1 cells were treated with 200 ng/mL visfatin for the indicated times (0–24 h). After incubation, CCL20 mRNA levels were measured by RT-PCR (c) and CCL20 protein levels in cell-culture supernatants were measured by ELISA (d). Data are means ± standard errors of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, and ***p < 0.001 compared to the untreated control