Fig. 5.

Effect of HFS on the NF-κB signaling pathway. a, b NF-κB signaling pathway was assessed by Western blot in astrocytes submitted to HFS (HFS ON, 6 h) and TNF-α (15 min) (a), and the IκB-α protein expression was evaluated in whole cell lysates using Western blotting and corrected for β-tubulin (b). c Astrocytes were stimulated with HFS and the p65 protein expression was evaluated in the nuclear fraction using Western blotting and corrected according to histone 3. Bar graphs represent means ± SD of five independent experiments. *p < 0.05 when compared to control no TNF-α; #p < 0.05 when compared to TNF-α + ; ^$p < 0.05 when compared to TNF-α + HFS OFF