Table 2.
Characteristics of antimicrobial therapy: main molecule used and duration
| Total patients n = 56 | Exposed groupan = 33 | Unexposed group n = 23 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| First line antimicrobial therapy, n (%) | ||||
| Penicillin (amoxicillin and Peni M) | 6 (11) | 2 (6) | 4 (17) | 0.4 |
| Amoxicillin–clavulanic acid | 10 (18) | 4 (12) | 6 (26) | 0.3 |
| Piperacillin–tazobactam | 16 (29) | 9 (27) | 7 (30) | 1 |
| Carbapenem | 11 (19) | 10 (30) | 1 (4) | 0.08 |
| Cephalosporin | 11 (19) | 7 (21) | 4 (17) | 1 |
| Fluoroquinolone | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | 0 | 1 |
| Cotrimoxazole | 1 (2) | 0 | 1 (4) | 0.42 |
| Metronidazole | 33 (59) | 17 (52) | 16 (70) | 0.51 |
| Aminoglycoside | 11 (19) | 7 (21) | 4 (17) | 1 |
| Anti-fungal | 6 (11) | 4 (12) | 2 (9) | 1 |
| Time of overall antimicrobial therapy in ICU (median in days [IQR]) | 47 [28–77] | 50 [28–88] | 38.5 [26–61] | 0.18 |
| Number of overall different antimicrobial agents in ICU (median [IQR]) | 4 [2–6] | 5 [4–8] | 3 [2–5] | 0.002 |
Italic value indicates significance of P value (P < 0.05)
aExposure was defined as patients who were started on antibiotics more than 24 h before the first pancreatic sample was collected