Table 2.
Characteristics and univariate analysis of factors influencing 1-year mortality after hip fracture surgery. Data are expressed as median [interquartile space] or numbers (proportions). ADL, Activity of Daily Living; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, Body Mass Index; AKI, Acute Kidney Injury.
| Alive (n = 231) | Dead (n = 78) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male gender (n; %) | 57 (25) | 25 (32) | 0.202 |
| Age (year) | |||
| <65 | 26 (11) | 3 (4) | 0.001 |
| 66–75 | 44 (19) | 5 (6) | |
| 76–85 | 76 (33) | 24 (31) | |
| >85 | 85 (37) | 46 (59) | |
| BMI (kg m−2) | 23.9 [21.1–27.0] | 22.5 [21.1–27.0] | 0.033 |
| Albumin level (g l−1) | |||
| <20 | 12 (5) | 4 (5) | 0.604 |
| 20–30 | 89 (38) | 37 (47) | |
| > 30 | 99 (44) | 31 (40) | |
| Missing data | 31 (13) | 6 (8) | |
| Pre-fracture functional status | |||
| Full independence | 24 (10) | 15 (19) | <0.001 |
| Partial dependence | 25 (11) | 12 (15) | |
| Total dependence | 77 (34) | 7 (9) | |
| Missing data | 105 (45) | 54 (69) | |
| ASA status | |||
| 1 | 8 (3) | 0 (0) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 81 (35) | 10 (13) | |
| 3 | 133 (58) | 59 (76) | |
| 4 | 9 (4) | 8 (11) | |
| Lee | |||
| 0 | 136 (59) | 26 (33) | <0.001 |
| 1 | 62(27) | 28 (36) | |
| 2 | 27 (12) | 14 (18) | |
| 3 | 6 (2) | 10 (13) | |
| Surgery time (minutes) | 54 [41–65] | 47 [36–60] | 0.035 |
| Type of anaesthesia | |||
| General anaesthesia | 118 (51) | 38 (49) | 0.744 |
| Regional | 28 (13) | 12(16) | |
| Combined | 84 (36) | 27 (35) | |
| Prosthesis type (n; %) | |||
| Total hip arthroplasty | 38 (16) | 1(1) | 0.003 |
| Hemiarthroplasty | 78 (34) | 38 (49) | |
| Dynamic hip screw | 66 (29) | 19 (25) | |
| Gamma nail | 45 (19) | 16 (21) | |
| Others | 4 (2) | 3 (4) | |
| Residential status (n; %) | |||
| Own home | 173 (75) | 42 (54) | <0.001 |
| Nursing home | 58 (25) | 36 (46) | |
| Blood cell transfusion (n; %) | 59 (25) | 27 (35) | 0.232 |
| Time to surgery (n; %) | |||
| ≤ 48 hours | 105 (45) | 23 (29) | 0.009 |
| > 48 hours | 126 (55) | 55 (71) | |
| Hospital discharge (days) | 8 [6–10] | 8.5 [6.2–12] | 0.004 |
| Perioperative complication (n; %) | 50 (22) | 20 (26) | 0.280 |
| AKI (Serum creatinine>1.5 baseline or increase>26.5 mmol/l) (n; %) | 9 (4) | 1 (1) | 0.280 |