Table 2.
Comparisons of laboratory indices, radiographic findings, and treatments of 125 patients with COVID-19 between the two groups.
| Characteristics | Total (n = 125) | Short-term group (n = 66) | Long-term group (n = 59) | Z/χ2 | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WBC (×109/L) | 5.90 (4.54–7.43) | 5.87 (4.49–7.42) | 5.90 (4.56–7.58) | −0.040 | 0.968 |
| <3.5 | 13 (10.40) | 6 (9.09) | 7 (11.86) | 2.467 | 0.291 |
| 3.5–9.5 | 100 (80.00) | 56 (84.84) | 44 (74.58) | ||
| >9.5 | 12 (9.60) | 4 (6.07) | 8 (13.56) | ||
| Lymphocyte count (×109/L) | 1.31 (0.87–1.82) | 1.59 (1.07–2.09) | 1.18 (0.76–1.58) | −3.326 | 0.001* |
| <1.1 | 43 (34.40) | 18 (27.27) | 25 (42.37) | 4.540 | 0.103 |
| 1.1–3.2 | 81 (64.80) | 48 (72.73) | 33 (55.93) | ||
| >3.2 | 1 (0.80) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.80) | ||
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 130.0 (118.0–140.0) | 133.0 (120.0–144.0) | 128.0 (116.0–137.0) | −1.234 | 0.217 |
| Anemia | 61 (48.80) | 29 (43.94) | 32 (54.24) | 1.322 | 0.250 |
| PLT (×109/L) | 210.0 (170.0–257.0) | 223.5 (187.75–270.75) | 196.0 (160.0–243.0) | −2.396 | 0.017* |
| <125 | 6 (4.80) | 1 (1.52) | 5 (8.47) | 3.321 | 0.190 |
| 125–350 | 103 (82.40) | 56 (84.85) | 47 (79.66) | ||
| >350 | 16 (12.80) | 9 (13.63) | 7 (11.87) | ||
| CRP (mg/L) | 6.70 (1.30–41.8) | 2.20 (0.68–12.82) | 17.40 (2.80–66.50) | −4.044 | 0.000* |
| <1 | 27 (21.60) | 20 (30.30) | 7 (11.86) | 18.931 | 0.001* |
| 1–3 | 24 (19.20) | 16 (24.24) | 8 (13.56) | ||
| 3–10 | 17 (13.60) | 11 (16.67) | 6 (10.17) | ||
| 10.1–50 | 30 (24.00) | 13 (19.70) | 17 (28.81) | ||
| >50 | 27 (21.60) | 6 (9.10) | 21 (35.59) | ||
| Troponin I (pg/mL) | 3.9 (1.9–10.3) | 1.90 (1.90–7.52) | 6.90 (1.90–12.50) | −3.043 | 0.002* |
| ≤ 34.2 | 115 (92.00) | 63 (95.45) | 52 (88.14) | 2.267 | 0.189 |
| >34.2 | 10 (8.00) | 3 (4.55) | 7 (11.86) | ||
| BNP (pg/mL) | 65.0 (23.0–178.0) | 52.0 (19.75–178.0) | 96.0 (29.0–209.0) | −1.328 | 0.184 |
| <486 | 107 (85.60) | 58 (87.88) | 49 (83.05) | 0.589 | 0.443 |
| ≥486 | 18 (14.40) | 8 (12.12) | 10 (16.95) | ||
| Myoglobin (ng/mL) | 35.0 (27.7–75.65) | 32.70 (24.52–53.18) | 40.30 (29.0–102.5) | −2.087 | 0.037* |
| ≤ 154.9 | 111 (88.80) | 61 (92.42) | 50 (84.75) | 1.874 | 0.174 |
| >154.9 | 14 (11.20) | 5 (7.58) | 9 (15.25) | ||
| CKMB (ng/mL) | 0.7 (0.5–1.2) | 0.70 (0.5–1.2) | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | −0.583 | 0.560 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 40.0 (33.75–43.15) | 41.3 (36.1–44.43) | 37.4 (31.9–41.9) | −3.375 | 0.001* |
| 35–52 | 85 (68.00) | 42 (78.79) | 33 (55.93) | 7.479 | 0.006* |
| <35 | 40 (32.00) | 14 (21.21) | 26 (44.07) | ||
| ALT (U/L) | 24.0 (14.0–36.5) | 20.50 (12.50–34.50) | 25.0 (18.0–38.0) | −1.363 | 0.173 |
| ≤ 41 | 103 (82.40) | 55 (83.33) | 48 (81.36) | 0.084 | 0.772 |
| >41 | 22 (17.60) | 11 (16.67) | 11 (18.64) | ||
| AST (U/L) | 22.0 (16.0–32.5) | 19.00 (14.0–26.25) | 26.0 (18.0–36.0) | −2.797 | 0.005* |
| ≤ 40 | 107 (85.60) | 58 (87.88) | 49 (83.05) | 0.589 | 0.443 |
| >40 | 18 (14.40) | 8 (12.12) | 10 (16.95) | ||
| Urea (mmol/l) | 4.5 (3.4–5.5) | 4.40 (3.2–5.33) | 4.6 (3.6–5.9) | −1.437 | 0.15 |
| 3.6–9.5 | 119 (95.20) | 63 (95.45) | 56 (94.92) | 0.000 | 1.000 |
| >9.5 | 6 (4.80) | 3 (4.55) | 3 (5.08) | ||
| Creatinine (μmol /l) | 69.0 (57.0–87.0) | 68.0 (55.75–88.25) | 69.0 (60.0–88.0) | −0.646 | 0.519 |
| 59–104 | 114 (91.20) | 61 (92.42) | 53 (89.83) | 0.261 | 0.609 |
| >104 | 11 (8.80) | 5 (7.58) | 6 (10.17) | ||
| LDH (U/L) | 200 (165.5–269.5) | 182.5 (153.75–232.75) | 239.0 (190.0–303.0) | −3.793 | 0.000* |
| 135–225 | 74 (59.20) | 48 (72.73) | 26 (44.07) | 10.594 | 0.001* |
| >225 | 51 (40.80) | 18 (27.27) | 33 (55.93) | ||
| Potassium (mmol/l) | 4.06 (3.76–4.32) | 4.07 (3.74–4.25) | 4.04 (3.77–4.37) | −0.361 | 0.718 |
| 3.5–5.1 | 110 (88.00) | 60 (90.91) | 50 (84.75) | 1.447 | 0.668 |
| <3.5 | 13 (10.40) | 5 (7.58) | 8 (13.56) | ||
| >5.1 | 2 (1.60) | 1 (1.51) | 1 (1.69) | ||
| Sodium (mmol/l) | 139.4 (136.9–140.7) | 139.5 (137.8–140.75) | 139.0 (134.8–140.7) | −1.521 | 0.121 |
| 136–145 | 102 (81.60) | 59 (89.40) | 43 (72.88) | 7.667 | 0.021* |
| <136 | 22 (17.60) | 6 (9.09) | 16 (27.12) | ||
| >145 | 1 (0.80) | 1 (1.51) | 0 | ||
| Chlorine (mmol/l) | 101.1 (98.35–103.0) | 101.85 (99.6–102.92) | 100.0 (97.0–103.3) | −1.551 | 0.121 |
| 99–110 | 87 (69.60) | 52 (78.79) | 35 (59.32) | 5.579 | 0.019* |
| <99 | 38 (30.40) | 14 (21.21) | 24 (40.68) | ||
| Calcium (mmol/l) | 2.16 (2.08–2.23) | 2.19 (2.13–2.25) | 2.12 (2.03–2.18) | −3.541 | 0.000* |
| 2.2–2.5 | 44 (35.20) | 32 (48.48) | 12 (20.34) | 10.819 | 0.001* |
| <2.20 | 81 (64.80) | 34 (51.52) | 47 (79.66) | ||
| PT (sec) | 13.60 (13.05–14.10) | 13.5 (12.97–13.90) | 13.8 (13.2–14.3) | −2.176 | 0.030* |
| 11.5–14.5 | 112 (89.60) | 63 (95.45) | 49 (83.05) | 5.143 | 0.023* |
| >14.5 | 13 (10.40) | 3 (4.55) | 10 (16.95) | ||
| APTT (sec) | 37.8 (35.7–40.9) | 37.7 (35.6–40.9) | 37.9 (36.3–41.6) | −0.480 | 0.631 |
| 29.0–42.0 | 102 (81.60) | 57 (86.36) | 45 (76.27) | 2.113 | 0.146 |
| >42.0 | 23 (18.40) | 9 (13.64) | 14 (23.73) | ||
| TT (sec) | 16.6 (15.85–17.2) | 16.5 (15.8–17.12) | 16.7 (16.0–17.6) | −1.205 | 0.228 |
| 14.0–19.0 | 119 (95.20) | 64 (96.97) | 55 (93.22) | 0.958 | 0.420 |
| >19.0 | 6 (4.80) | 2 (3.03) | 4 (6.78) | ||
| Fibrinogen (g/L) | 3.84 (2.98–5.1) | 3.37 (2.73–4.49) | 4.69 (3.22–5.78) | −3.665 | 0.000* |
| 2–4 | 90 (72.00) | 56 (84.85) | 34 (57.63) | 11.450 | 0.001* |
| >4 | 35 (28.00) | 10 (15.15) | 25 (42.37) | ||
| D-dimer (ug/mL) | 0.37 (0.22–0.83) | 0.22 (0.22–0.78) | 0.50 (0.26–1.01) | −2.760 | 0.006* |
| <0.5 | 75 (60.00) | 45 (68.18) | 30 (50.85) | 3.900 | 0.048* |
| ≥0.5 | 50 (40.00) | 21 (31.82) | 29 (49.15) | ||
| Chest CT findings | |||||
| No pneumonia | 11 (8.80) | 9 (13.64) | 2 (3.39) | 16.845 | 0.00* |
| Unilateral pneumonia | 53 (42.40) | 36 (54.55) | 17 (28.81) | ||
| Bilateral pneumonia | 61 (48.80) | 21 (31.81) | 40 (67.80) | ||
| Treatment | |||||
| Antibiotics | 80 (64.00) | 33 (50.00) | 47 (79.66) | 11.895 | 0.001* |
| Antiviral | 118 (94.40) | 60 (90.90) | 58 (98.31) | 3.223 | 0.073 |
| Oxygen therapy | 72 (57.60) | 36 (54.55) | 36 (61.02) | 3.206 | 0.201 |
Data are shown as median (interquartile range) or n (%). P-values were calculated by Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate. WBC, White blood cell; PLT, platelet count; CRP, C-reactive protein; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; CKMB, creatine kinase isoenzyme; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; LDH, lactic dehydrogenase; PT, prothrombin time; ATPP, activated partial thromboplastin time; TT, thrombin time; CT, computed tomographic;
*
P < 0.05 denoted siginificant difference between patients with short-term and long-term hospitalization.