Table 1.

Criteria Used to Define Frailty in the SJLIFE Cohort

Frailty Component	SJLIFE Criteria (Reference)
Decreased lean muscle mass	Lean muscle mass by dual x-ray absorptiometry below −1 age- and sex-specific SD when compared with data from a national sample (NHANES) (16)
Decreased vitality	Score ≤40 (1 SD, based on a standard normal distribution; this represents approximately the lowest 6.7% of the general population) on the Vitality Subscale of the Medical Outcomes Survey Short Form 36 (16).
Poor physical activity	Expended <383 Kcal/wk (males) or <270 Kcal/wk (females) during leisure time physical activity based on the NHANES Physical Activity Questionnaire (18, 19).
Walking speed (slowness)	Females <159 and males <173 centimeters tall were classified as slow if they took ≥7 seconds, and females ≥159 and males ≥173 centimeters tall were classified as slow if they took ≥6 seconds to walk 15 feet at their usual pace (20).
Hand grip strength (weakness)	Hand grip strength stratified by body mass index and sex (20).
	Males		Females
	BMI	Cut Point	BMI	Cut Point
	≤ 24 kg/m2	≤29 kg	≤ 23 kg/m2	≤17 kg
	24.1–26 kg/m2	≤30 kg	23.1–26 kg/m2	≤17.3 kg
	26.1–28 kg/m2	≤30 kg	26.1–29 kg/m2	≤18 kg
	> 28 kg/m2	≤32 kg	> 29 kg/m2	≤21 kg

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.