Table 1.
Clinical characteristics in patients with CHF.
| Variables | Unclear etiology group(n = 123) | etiology groups |
P | P′ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICM (n = 429) | NICM (n = 530) | ||||
| Age (years) | 70(53,78) | 69(61,77) | 60(48,68) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 74(60.2) | 344(80.2) | 401(75.7) | 0.000 | 0.055 |
| Medical history, n (%) | |||||
| Smoking | 56(45.5) | 228(53.1) | 244(46.0) | 0.445 | 0.032 |
| Alcohol abuse | 47(38.2) | 220(51.3) | 275(51.9) | 0.005 | 0.897 |
| COPD | 9(7.3) | 45(10.5) | 30(5.7) | 1.000 | 0.007 |
| Hypertension | 60(48.8) | 263(61.3) | 207(39.1) | 1.000 | 0.000 |
| DM | 32(26.0) | 162(37.8) | 78(14.7) | 0.444 | 0.000 |
| Previous HF hospitalization | 54(43.9) | 226(52.7) | 291(54.9) | 0.044 | 0.515 |
| Syncope | 6(4.9) | 17(4.0) | 16(3.0) | 0.437 | 0.478 |
| SCD/PCR | 2(1.6) | 8(1.9) | 3(0.6) | 0.652 | 0.072 |
| CAG + CTCA | 6(4.9) | 372(86.7) | 316(59.6) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Vital signs on admission | |||||
| SBP (mmHg) | 130(116,145) | 130(117,145) | 121(109,137) | 0.051 | 0.000 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 82(72,93) | 77(68,86) | 80(70,89) | 0.006 | 0.010 |
| HR (bpm) | 89(75,101) | 80(70,91) | 86(73,100) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
| NYHA Ⅲ-IV | 113(91.9) | 325(75.8) | 422(79.6) | 0.000 | 0.159 |
| Holter, n (%) | |||||
| AF/AFL | 39(31.7) | 79(18.4) | 178(33.6) | 0.282 | 0.000 |
| PVB | 41(33.3) | 107(24.9) | 190(35.8) | 0.606 | 0.000 |
| NSVT | 33(26.8) | 104(24.2) | 210(39.6) | 0.218 | 0.000 |
| LBBB | 14(11.4) | 49(11.4) | 85(16.0) | 0.488 | 0.049 |
| RBBB | 12(9.8) | 35(8.2) | 22(4.2) | 0.115 | 0.013 |
| QRS duration (ms) | 110(86,140) | 110(91,132) | 115(99,130) | 0.347 | 0.114 |
| Echocardiography data | |||||
| LVEF (%) | 32(27,38) | 37(31,42) | 31(26,37) | 0.038 | 0.000 |
| LVEF≤35%(%) | 44(9.9) | 187(33.5) | 371(66.5) | 0.207 | 0.000 |
| LAd (mm) | 46(42,50) | 42(39,46) | 45(41,50) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| LVDd (mm) | 64(59,68) | 60(56,66) | 67(62,73) | 0.810 | 0.000 |
| Laboratory data | |||||
| BUN (mmol/l) | 7.18(5.84,9.75) | 7.01(5.56,8.93) | 6.92(5.57,8.75) | 0.177 | 0.608 |
| Scr (umol/l) | 95.90(76.65,122.92) | 94.40(77.00,119.20) | 89.80(75.10,107.65) | 0.160 | 0.002 |
| Na+ (mmol/l) | 140.22(137.29,142.00) | 140.02(137.73,141.91) | 140.10(137.98,142.48) | 0.673 | 0.131 |
| Hb(g/l) | 137(119,153) | 131(118,142) | 139(129,150) | 0.705 | 0.000 |
| Subclinical hypothyroidism | 4(3.3) | 8(1.9) | 8(1.5) | 0.201 | 0.013 |
| Low T3 syndrome | 8(6.5) | 33(7.7) | 26(4.9) | 0.201 | 0.013 |
P indicates unclear etiology group vs. etiology group; P′ indicates ICM vs. NICM. < 0.05 has significance.