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. 2020 Jun 1;22(6):e13470. doi: 10.2196/13470

Table 3.

Preferences between age groups (young adults, middle-aged adults, and senior citizens) regarding the theme of patient engagement.

Patient engagementa Differences in preferences between age groups
Phone reminder issues
  • Young adults: Ineffective because they rarely check their voicemail.

  • Sometimes I get a voicemail, and sometimes I don’t check my voicemail until a week after. I’ve never missed an appointment, but just that I read my texts all the time, so that would be nice. [Participant 394-017, age 24]

  • Middle-aged adults: Did not mention issues with phone reminders.

  • Messages begin too abruptly, so they miss the beginning.

  • We older people can't just run and jump to the phone. By the time I pick up the phone, the message is done, and I heard it say 3 o'clock. I heard the 13th. I think that the message that they leave on the phone should wait until somebody picks it up. [Participant 394-036, age 64]

  • Senior citizens: Miss reminders because of low ringtones.

  • All I have to do is answer. My problem is that a lot of times I don't hear because the ring isn't so loud, and by the time I get to it, the caller has already hung up. [Participant 394-018, age 84]

Provider communication
  • Young adults: Text, secure messaging, email

  • Middle-aged adults: Phone, email

  • Senior citizens: In-person, phone, email

Scheduling appointments
  • Young adults: In-person after a visit, phone, PHRb

  • Middle-aged adults: Phone, open to using PHR

  • Senior citizens: Phone

Appointment reminders
  • Young adults: Electronic calendar, text messages

  • Middle-aged adults: Electronic and paper calendar, email

  • Senior citizens: Phone calls, handwritten notes

Repetition
  • Young adults: Dislike repetitive questions during current check-in

  • Middle-aged adults: Do not mind repetitive questions during check-in

  • Senior citizens: Approve of repetitive questions during the current check-in process because they believe it confirms that the right patient is being treated.

  • I don't mind. Sometimes you will see five or six different people, and they will all ask the same thing. I think that's good. That way if they have to give you something, they are not giving it to the wrong person. [Participant 394-002, age 80]

Caregivers
  • Young adults: Did not mention caregiver access.

  • Middle-aged adults: Some do not want to share information with children because they want to be in control of their health care.

  • Senior citizens: Wants caregivers to have Web access to health information.

  • M: I have a list of medications I carry with me all the time. She comes to the appointments, and she is my secretary.

  • F[spouse]: That way, I know what is going on. I ask, are there any surprises? [Participant 394-011, age 73]

Lab results
  • Young adults: Did not mention a preference

  • Middle-aged adults: Phone call, letter

  • Senior citizens: Letters, email

Social engagement
  • Young adults: Had an interest in social groups with patients with similar diseases.

  • Middle-aged adults and senior citizens: Did not mention an interest in social engagement.

aThe three age groups categorize the findings. Text in italics represents participants’ quotes.

bPHR: personal health record.