Figure 1.

Role of plasmin(ogen) in molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19. Plasmin break down Furin-like cleavage site on 682RRAR/S686 of COVID-19 S-glycoprotein underlying increase the ability of attachment between COVID-19 and its human host cell receptor, ACE2, result in virus attachment and fusion. Plasmin also can cleave fibrin and produce D-dimer both in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and plasma, result in hemorrhage. γENaC is located on apical surface of alveolar epithelium and is responsible for Na+ entrance to epithelial cells. Plasmin cleaves γENaC both on respiratory epithelium and endothelium of veins results in dehydration of respiratory epithelium and hypertension