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Characteristics and operation-related data of included patients (n=12).
| Variables | Results |
|---|---|
| Gender (male: female) (n) | 7: 5 |
| Age (median, range) (year) | 42 (18–67) |
| Herniated segment (L4/5: L5/S1) (n) | 10: 2 |
| Operation time (mean±SD) (minute) | 87.50±15.00 |
| Fluoroscopy times (mean±SD) (n) | 37.50±8.26 |
| L4/5 level | 26.00±7.77 |
| L5/S1 level | 11.50±3.09 |
| Hospital stay (mean±SD) (day) | 3.42±1.00 |
| Follow-up time (mean±SD) (month) | 17.50±4.76 |
| Complications (n) | |
| Postoperative dysesthesia | 1 |
| Dural tear | 1 |
