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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jun 16.
Published in final edited form as: Gastroenterology. 2017 Apr 5;153(1):205–218.e8. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.03.048

Figure 1. SPDEF inhibits human colon cancer cell growth.

Figure 1.

(A) HCT116 or (B) SW480 human colon cancer cell lines stably transduced with pINDUCER20 Flag-SPDEF (SPDEF) and pINDUCER20 empty vector control (Vector) were subcutaneously injected into NSG mice. Immediately following engraftment, mice were provided water with tetracycline (2 mg/ml). SPDEF and Vector xenografts were isolated 18 days after inoculation followed by H&E staining. Immunochemical staining was performed with an anti-FLAG antibody. Freshly dissected numbered 1 – 9. (C) Primary human normal rectal colonoids or (D) cancer colonoids stably transduced with pINDUCER20 Flag-SPDEF (SPDEF) and mock control were generated. Immunoblot with an anti-FLAG antibody confirmed Flag-SPDEF expression after doxycycline (2 μg/ml) induction for 6 days. Bright field images were taken after SPDEF induction as indicated by hours. Quantitated result indicated SPDEF inhibits both normal rectal colonoids and cancer colonoids growth. Colonoids sizes (maximum diameter3) were normalized to the average size (maximum diameter3) of mock control after SPDEF induction at 0h. Error bars, S.E.M.. **, p<0.005. ***, p<0.001. Scale bars: 100 μm.