FIGURE 7.

A conceptual model of relationships among intraspecific trait variation (functional diversity; iFD_CV), abiotic within‐habitat heterogeneity (HD), and genetic diversity (GD) in T. montanum. HD influenced iFD_CV twice as much as GD symbolized by different circle sizes and arrow strengths. Results and percents are extracted from the multiple linear regression model ($R_{\text{adj}}^2$ = .77, F _{2, 10} = 21.66, p < .001). HD can lead to (reversible) short‐term responses, that is, to modification of functional trait expression (phenotypic modifications, variation). In contrast, GD is controlled by selection and is a prerequisite for adaptation through natural selection. iFD_CV thus also depends on the available genetic variation within a population. Habitat heterogeneity and genetic diversity are not significantly related in this study (R = .10, F _{1, 11} = 2.37, p = .15; dashed line)