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. 2020 Jun 16;11:3052. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-16859-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — The chemical itch signals are first relayed to the PBN and thalamus by spinal projection neurons, while visually contagious itch in mice is proposed to be mediated by the SCN GRPR⁺ neurons in the hypothalamus. The emotional components of itch sensation may be encoded by the amygdala, GABAergic neurons in the PAG, and different neuronal populations in the VTA. The PAG^Tac1-RVM circuit is involved in the descending modulation of itch signal processing, and brain-derived neuromodulators such as 5-HT and noradrenaline can also substantially modulate spinal itch circuits in a feedback manner. Projections from the ACC to the DMS selectively modulate histamine-dependent itch. AMY amygdala, LC locus coeruleus, NE noradrenaline.