TABLE 1.
Sample characteristics.
| Characteristic | MDD (n = 37) | SAD (n = 24) | HCs (n = 41) | p-value |
| Age (year) | 26.7 ± 7.1 (18–43) | 24.5 ± 4.0 (18–32) | 27.1 ± 7.2 (18–50) | 0.113† |
| Sex, male/female | 25/12 | 15/9 | 26/15 | 0.899‡ |
| Education (year) | 13.4 ± 3.0 (7–19.5) | 14.0 ± 3.5 (8–21) | 13.3 ± 2.6 (5–17) | 0.860† |
| Duration (year) | 2.0 ± 0.5 (0.6–3.0) | 7.6 ± 3.8 (1.0–16.0) | – | 0.000§ |
| HAMA | 28.1 ± 8.8 (12–43) | – | – | – |
| HAMD | 25.0 ± 5.2 (16–36) | – | – | – |
| LSAS | ||||
| Fear factor | – | 28.7 ± 12.5 (13–57) | – | – |
| Avoidance factor | – | 28.4 ± 14.6 (4–58) | – | – |
| Total scale | – | 57.0 ± 25.5 (23–115) | – | – |
Values are means ± standard deviations (minimum–maximum). †p-values obtained by ANOVA model. ‡p-value obtained by two-tailed Pearson chi-square test. § p-value obtained by two-sample t-test. HAMA, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale; HCs, healthy controls; LSAS, Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale; MDD, major depressive disorder; SAD, social anxiety disorder.