Table 1.
Lifetime Prevalence of Exposure to Sexual Orientation Change Efforts (SOCE) among Sexual Minority Canadian Men, by Sociodemographic Subgroups.
| Variable | n (%) in SN2011, N = 8,388 | n (%) among Those Exposed to SOCEa, N = 304 | n (%) among Those not Exposed to SOCEa, N = 8,084 | % Exposed to SOCEb (95% CI) | RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | — | 3.5 (3.2 to 4.1) | — | ||
| Sexual identityc | |||||
| Gay | 5,410 (64.5) | 237 (78.0) | 5,173 (64.0) | 4.4 (3.9 to 5.0) | Referent |
| Bisexual | 2,719 (32.4) | 54 (17.8) | 2,665 (33.0) | 2.0 (1.5 to 2.6) | 0.45 (0.34 to 0.61) |
| Other | 259 (3.1) | 13 (4.3) | 246 (3.0) | 5.0 (2.8 to 8.6) | 1.15 (0.66 to 1.97) |
| Gender identity | |||||
| Cisgender | 8,289 (98.8) | 292 (96.1) | 7,997 (98.9) | 3.5 (3.1 to 4.0) | Referent |
| Transgender | 99 (1.2) | 12 (4.0) | 87 (1.1) | 12.1 (6.7 to 20.6) | 3.44 (2.00 to 5.92) |
| Age (at time of survey) | |||||
| <20 | 252 (3.0) | 8 (2.6) | 244 (3.0) | 3.2 (1.5 to 6.4) | Referent |
| 20 to 29 | 1,616 (19.3) | 58 (19.1) | 1,558 (19.3) | 3.6 (2.8 to 4.6) | 1.13 (0.55 to 2.34) |
| 30 to 39 | 1,406 (16.7) | 53 (17.4) | 1,353 (16.7) | 3.8 (2.9 to 4.9) | 1.19 (0.57 to 2.47) |
| 40 to 49 | 2,135 (25.5) | 75 (24.7) | 2,060 (25.5) | 3.5 (2.8 to 4.4) | 1.11 (0.54 to 2.27) |
| 50 to 59 | 1,929 (23.0) | 80 (26.3) | 1,849 (22.9) | 4.1 (3.3 to 5.2) | 1.31 (0.64 to 2.67) |
| 60+ | 1,050 (12.5) | 30 (9.9) | 1,020 (12.6) | 2.9 (2.0 to 4.1) | 0.90 (0.42 to 1.94) |
| “Out” about sexuality | |||||
| Not out | 3,061 (36.5) | 52 (17.1) | 3,009 (37.2) | 1.7 (1.3 to 2.2) | Referent |
| Out | 5,327 (63.5) | 252 (82.9) | 5,075 (62.8) | 4.7 (4.2 to 5.3) | 2.78 (2.07 to 3.74) |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||
| White | 7,313 (87.2) | 238 (78.3) | 7,075 (87.5) | 3.3 (2.9 to 3.7) | Referent |
| Indigenousd | 169 (2.0) | 11 (3.6) | 158 (2.0) | 6.5 (3.5 to 11.6) | 2.00 (1.11 to 3.59) |
| Other racial minorities | 906 (10.8) | 55 (18.1) | 851 (10.5) | 6.1 (4.6 to 7.9) | 1.87 (1.40 to 2.48) |
| Educational attainment | |||||
| College/university degree | 4,792 (57.1) | 179 (58.9) | 4,613 (57.1) | 3.7 (3.2 to 4.3) | Referent |
| <College/university degree | 3,596 (42.9) | 125 (41.1) | 3,471 (42.9) | 3.5 (2.9 to 4.1) | 0.93 (0.74 to 1.16) |
| Personal income | |||||
| ≥$60,000 | 3,178 (37.9) | 93 (30.6) | 3,085 (38.2) | 2.9 (2.4 to 3.6) | Referent |
| $30,000 to $59,999 | 2,816 (33.6) | 106 (34.9) | 2,710 (33.5) | 3.8 (3.1 to 4.6) | 1.29 (0.98 to 1.69) |
| <$30,000 | 2,394 (28.5) | 105 (34.5) | 2,289 (28.3) | 4.4 (3.6 to 5.3) | 1.50 (1.14 to 1.97) |
| Area of residence | |||||
| Urban | 4,897 (58.4) | 185 (60.9) | 4,712 (58.3) | 3.8 (3.3 to 4.4) | Referent |
| Suburban | 2,214 (26.4) | 80 (26.3) | 2,134 (26.4) | 3.6 (2.9 to 4.5) | 0.96 (0.74 to 1.24) |
| Rural | 1,277 (15.2) | 39 (12.8) | 1,238 (15.3) | 3.1 (2.2 to 4.2) | 0.81 (0.58 to 1.14) |
| Province/territory | |||||
| British Columbia | 1,805 (21.5) | 81 (26.6) | 1,724 (21.3) | 4.5 (3.6 to 5.6) | Referent |
| Alberta | 1,065 (12.7) | 30 (9.9) | 1,035 (12.8) | 2.8 (1.9 to 4.0) | 0.63 (0.42 to 0.95) |
| Saskatchewan | 289 (3.4) | 8 (2.6) | 281 (3.5) | 2.8 (1.3 to 5.6) | 0.62 (0.30 to 1.26) |
| Manitoba | 342 (4.1) | 9 (3.0) | 333 (4.1) | 2.6 (1.3 to 5.1) | 0.59 (0.30 to 1.16) |
| Ontario | 3,368 (40.2) | 119 (39.1) | 3,249 (40.2) | 3.5 (2.9 to 4.2) | 0.79 (0.60 to 1.04) |
| Quebec | 1,049 (12.5) | 44 (14.5) | 1,005 (12.4) | 4.2 (3.1 to 5.6) | 0.93 (0.65 to 1.34) |
| Atlantic | 447 (5.3) | 13 (4.3) | 434 (5.4) | 2.9 (1.6 to 5.1) | 0.65 (0.36 to 1.15) |
| Territories | 23 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 23 (0.3) | 0.0 | — |
Note: N = 8,388. CI = confidence interval; RR = relative risk comparing prevalence of SOCE exposure to that of referent group; SN2011 = Sex Now 2011.
a Percentage calculated using column total as denominator.
b Percentage calculated using row total as denominator.
c Response to question: “How do you see yourself: gay, bisexual, other?”
dSelf-reported ethnicity of First Nations, Métis, or Inuit.