Box 16.

Exemplars on reporting item 12a elements

Example 1. Frequentist AD Authors are referred to the CONSORT 2010 statement [3, 4] for examples. Example 2. 2-stage Bayesian biomarker-based AD with RAR In a methods paper, Gu et al. [208] detail Bayesian logistic regression models for evaluating treatment and marker effects at the end of stage 1 and 2 using non-informative normal priors during RAR and futility early stopping decisions. Strategies for variable selection and model building at the end of stage 1 to identify further important biomarkers for use in RAR of stage 2 patients are described (part of item 3b), including a shrinkage prior used for biomarker selection with rationale.