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. 2020 Jun 10;7:245. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00245

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Copyright © 2020 Warren, Vu, Toomer, Fernandez and Livingston.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Hypothetical model on comparing how dietary vitamin D₃ and 1-α-hydroxycholecalciferol (1α) are converted to water soluble calcitroic acid to be excreted. Black arrows denote vitamin D₃'s pathway to calcitroic acid and orange arrows denote 1α 's pathway. Dashed arrows signify 24-hydroxylation step. Multiple arrows between 1,24,25-(OH)₃-D₃and calcitroic acid denote number of conversion steps. 25-OH-D₃ is 25-hydroxycholecalciferol; 24,25-(OH)₃-D₃ is 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol; 1,25-(OH)₃-D₃ is 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol; and1,24,25-(OH)₃-D₃ is 1,24,25-trihydroxycholecalciferol.