Figure 3.

Feedforward and feedback functions of motor cortex. Motor cortex (center) projects both to subcortical structures along corticofugal pathways (solid arrow) and to sensory cortices along cortical feedback pathways (dashed arrow). These two pathways originate from different populations of motor cortex pyramidal neurons. However, within local regions of the motor cortex, there is alignment between the target movement field of the corticofugal neurons and the target receptive field of the cortical feedback neurons. Functions of the corticofugal pathway relate to motor control, including movement initiation, set-point modulation, and amplitude modulation. Functions of the cortical feedback pathway relate to spatial attention and corollary discharge.