Table 2. Procedures and Treatments Among Infants diagnosed with HRF/PPHN.
| Procedures | Total Infants with HRF/PPHN (n=918) | Infants with HRF/PPHN | ||
| Preterm infants (n=504) | T/NT infants (n=414) | P-value | ||
| Ventilation use, n (%) | ||||
| Overall | 865 (94.2) | 474 (94.1) | 391 (94.4) | 0.7976 |
| Time on ventilation (days), mean (SD) | 3.6 (7.7) | 4.7 (10.0) | 2.2 (2.5) | <0.0001 |
| Non-invasive ventilation | 334 (36.4) | 188 (37.3) | 146 (35.3) | 0.5235 |
| Invasive mechanical ventilation | 836 (91.1) | 461 (91.5) | 375 (90.6) | 0.6386 |
| ECMO, n (%) | 46 (5.0) | 10 (2.0) | 36 (8.7) | <0.0001 |
| Treatments, n (%) | ||||
| Antibiotics | 880 (95.9) | 485 (96.2) | 395 (95.4) | 0.5351 |
| Surfactants | 544 (59.3) | 359 (71.2) | 185 (44.7) | <0.0001 |
| Sildenafil | 82 (8.9) | 48 (9.5) | 34 (8.2) | 0.4882 |
| Inhaled nitric oxide | 863 (94.0) | 473 (93.8) | 390 (94.2) | 0.8222 |
| Time on inhaled nitric oxide (days), mean (SD) | 7.2 (11.2) | 8.2 (12.5) | 5.9 (9.1) | 0.0017 |
| Mortality rate, n (%) | 240 (26.1) | 152 (30.2) | 88 (21.3) | 0.0023 |
ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; HRF: hypoxic respiratory failure; PPHN: persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn; SD: standard deviation; T/NT: term/near term