Table 1.

Input for cost–benefit analysis

Variables Category	Variable Name	Distribution*	Value (Base Case)	Relative Change (Range) Univariate	Reference
Prevalence of influenza	Flu_prev	uniform	0.259	0.2–0.426	Calculated from [2]
Additional revenue per day due to NI	cRev_day	triangular	€233.46	±20% (€186.77–€280.15)	Calculated from InEK data [5]
Combined Sofia® specificity	Sofia_spec	uniform	0.953	95% CI (0.915–0.992)	[8]
Opportunity costs due to blocking twin bed	cOpp	triangular	€350.19	±20% (€280.15–€420.23)	Calculated from InEK data [5]
Probability of correctly excluding non-influenza by clinical judgement	Clin_spec	uniform	0.601	95% CI (65.4–76.7)	[22]
Sensitivity of diagnosing influenza if present by clinical judgement	Clin_sens	uniform	0.713	95% CI (0.65–76.7)	[22]
Costs of NI (oseltamivir) per day	cAntivir_day	triangular	€12.37	±20% (€9.89–€14.83)	Adapted from Rote Liste [Red List] 2019
Costs of Sofia®	cSofia	triangular	€12	±20% (€9.6–€14.40)	As declared by manufacturer
Combined sensitivity of the Sofia® test	Sofia_sens	uniform	0.753	95% CI (0.592–0.915)	[8]
Secondary cases due to one unknown influenza case	sec_flu	normal	0.202	95% CI (0.154–0.256)	[23]
Costs of productivity loss per day	cPL_day	triangular	€156.99	±20% (€125.59–€188.39)	calculated from Federal Statistical Office data [24]
Number of days of HCW out of work due to influenza	sick_days	normal	7.2 days	SD 8.9 days (5.76–8.64)	[25,26]
Probability of vaccinated HCW	pVacc_HCW	normal	0.401	±20% (0.33–0.49)	[27]
Probability that hospitalization is required	pHosp	uniform	0.219	0.157–0.23	Adapted from [1]
Costs of PCR in external laboratory	cPCR	triangular	€44.88	€30–€65	Nationwide laboratory inquiry
Effectiveness of influenza vaccination	Vacc_eff	uniform	0.15	0.15–0.49	[1,27]
Probability of administering NI	pNI	uniform	1 or 0	0–1	Model assumption

^*in probabilistic sensitivity analysis. SD: Standard deviation