TABLE 4.
Effect of hanpen on blood biochemical parameters in Sprague‐Dawley rats after 84 days of administration
|
0‐day administration (n = 3) |
84‐day administration (n = 8) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Group I (without hanpen) |
Group II (with hanpen) |
|||
| TP | g/dL | 5.533 ± 0.027 | 6.838 ± 0.025 | 6.975 ± 0.093 |
| ALB | g/dL | 4.000 ± 0.000 | 4.250 ± 0.050 | 4.363 ± 0.081 |
| A/G | ‐ | 2.633 ± 0.054 | 1.663 ± 0.053 | 1.675 ± 0.039 |
| BUN | mg/dL | 7.933 ± 0.307 | 17.463 ± 0.683 | 15.888 ± 0.421 |
| CRE | mg/dL | 0.210 ± 0.009 | 0.336 ± 0.012 | 0.350 ± 0.009 |
| Na | mEq/L | 141.667 ± 0.272 | 142.375 ± 0.246 | 142.750 ± 0.293 |
| K | mEq/L | 4.967 ± 0.191 | 4.238 ± 0.050 | 4.263 ± 0.043 |
| Cl | mEq/L | 97.333 ± 0.272 | 100.750 ± 0.342 | 100.250 ± 0.293 |
| Ca | mg/dL | 11.000 ± 0.082 | 10.625 ± 0.061 | 10.613 ± 0.054 |
| IP | mg/dL | 9.667 ± 0.136 | 4.763 ± 0.137 | 5.800 ± 0.113*, a , ** |
| Fe | µg/dL | 120.333 ± 3.193 | 158.375 ± 5.282 | 157.750 ± 3.896 |
| AST | IU/L | 67.000 ± 8.340 | 85.750 ± 7.271 | 70.250 ± 4.137 |
| ALT | IU/L | 30.333 ± 2.126 | 32.375 ± 2.744 | 31.875 ± 3.891 |
| ALP | IU/L | 1071.333 ± 80.656 | 469.375 ± 34.741 | 461.850 ± 25.766 |
| LDH | IU/L | 139.667 ± 5.041 | 699.500 ± 45.934 | 491.625 ± 69.099* |
| LAP | IU/L | 47.000 ± 2.160 | 47.875 ± 0.648 | 46.375 ± 0.951 |
| AMY | IU/L | 2119.333 ± 81.198 | 2097.750 ± 68.254 | 2046.125 ± 60.536 |
| γ‐GT | IU/L | 3.000> | 3.000> | 3.000> |
| ChE | IU/L | 5.000> | 5.000> | 5.000> |
| T‐CHO | mg/dL | 70.375 ± 2.778 | 83.250 ± 5.431 | 103.750 ± 5.367* |
| F‐CHO | mg/dL | 18.000 ± 0.471 | 20.875 ± 1.473 | 23.875 ± 1.634 |
| E‐CHO | mg/dL | 64.667 ± 3.538 | 77.000 ± 4.953 | 85.750 ± 4.670 |
| E/T | % | 78.000 ± 0.471 | 78.625 ± 0.660 | 78.375 ± 0.585 |
| TG | mg/dL | 74.125 ± 7.330 | 155.375 ± 24.576 | 132.500 ± 16.717 |
| LDL‐C | mg/dL | 7.667 ± 0.272 | 9.875 ± 0.799 | 9.125 ± 0.571 |
| HDL‐C | mg/dL | 29.750 ± 0.964 | 26.500 ± 1.649 | 34.000 ± 1.173* |
| AIP * , a , ** | ‐ | 0.022 ± 0.050 | 0.381 ± 0.065 | 0.205 ± 0.054 |
| GLU | mg/dL | 242.000 ± 10.677 | 176.250 ± 3.944 | 179.875 ± 5.357 |
| T‐BIL | mg/dL | 0.030 ± 0.005 | 0.046 ± 0.005 | 0.060 ± 0.004 |
| D‐BIL | mg/dL | 0.000 ± 0.000 | 0.004 ± 0.002 | 0.004 ± 0.004 |
| I‐BIL | mg/dL | 0.030 ± 0.005 | 0.043 ± 0.005 | 0.056 ± 0.004 |
| TBA | µmol/L | 12.667 ± 0.981 | 14.125 ± 2.281 | 9.625 ± 1.648 |
Results are expressed as mean ± standard error. Statistical significance was evaluated by Student's t test.
Abbreviations: AIP, atherogenic index of plasma; ALB, albumin; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine transaminase; AMY, amylase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; Ca, calcium; ChE, cholinesterase; Cl, chloride; CRE, creatinine; D‐BIL, direct bilirubin; E‐CHO, esterified cholesterol; F‐CHO, free cholesterol; Fe, iron; GLU, glucose; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol; I‐BIL, indirect bilirubin; IP, inorganic phosphorus; K, potassium; LAP, leucine aminopeptidase; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein‐cholesterol; Na, sodium; TBA, total bile acids; T‐BIL, total bilirubin; T‐CHO, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; TP, total protein; γ‐GT, γ‐glutamyl transpeptidase.
AIP: log (TG/HDL‐C) with TG (mg/dL/88.57) and HDL‐C (mg/dL/38.67) expressed in mmol/L (Edwards, Blaha, & Loprinzi, 2017).
p < .01 versus group I.
p < .05 versus group I.