FIGURE 3.

Phenotypic analyses of schistosomula exposed to SmFES-dsRNA in vitro. (A) Bar graph representing the mean (%) of schistosomula mortality from control groups (gray) or exposed to SmFES-dsRNA (black) for 7 days. Error bars are represented above the bars. Statistical analyses using two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test are represented with asterisks above the bars (N = 4, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). (B) Graph showing the motility mean of schistosomula exposed to SmFES-dsRNA during 7 days normalized with the data from untreated control and parasites exposed to GFP-dsRNA (Controls). Error bars are represented in each symbol, and the dotted line represents the control groups. Statistical analyses using two-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons test are represented with asterisks above the symbols (N = 2, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01). (C) Area (mm²) of schistosomula from untreated control and exposed to GFP-dsRNA (controls; gray) or SmFES-dsRNA (black) for 3 (left) and 5 days (right). Each dot represents the area of one schistosomulum, and the horizontal black line represents the median. Statistical analysis using unpaired t-test is represented with asterisks (***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001).