Table 1.
Characteristics of 100 patients presenting to the emergency room with possible COVID‐19 infection. Values are mean (SD), number (proportion) or median (IQR [range])
| SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR | p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive (n = 31) | Negative (n = 69) | ||
| Age; years | 66.8 (16.3) | 68.7 (16.4) | 0.98 |
| Females | 20 (65%) | 39 (56%) | 0.60 |
| BMI; kg.m−2 | 30.0 (3.19) | 26.4 (3.98) | 0.06 |
| Medical history | |||
| High blood pressure | 21 (68%) | 36 (52%) | 0.22 |
| Coronary heart disease | 2 (6%) | 13 (19%) | 0.19 |
| Smoking | 2 (6%) | 21 (30%) | 0.01 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 2 (6%) | 4 (6%) | 0.74 |
| Stroke | 7 (23%) | 9 (13%) | 0.36 |
| Diabetes | 3 (10%) | 7 (10%) | 0.77 |
| Dyslipidaemia | 10 (32%) | 21 (30%) | 0.96 |
| Medication | |||
| ACE inhibitor | 5 (16%) | 11 (16%) | 0.79 |
| Angiotensin receptor blocker | 8 (26%) | 10 (15%) | 0.28 |
| NSAID | 0 | 1 (1%) | 0.68 |
| qSOFA score | 1 (0‐1 [0‐2]) | 0 (0‐1 [0‐1]) | 0.003 |
| Heart rate; min−1 | 97 (80‐115 [70‐127]) | 88 (80‐105 [67‐134]) | 0.22 |
| Mean arterial pressure; mmHg | 96.0 (12.9) | 97.5 (17.4) | 0.68 |
| Oxygen saturation; % | 95 (93‐98 [85‐100]) | 97 (93‐99 [82‐100]) | 0.22 |
| Lymphocyte count; 109.l−1 | 1.5 (1.0‐2.1 [0.6‐3.6]) | 2.0 (1.8‐2.2 [0.6‐3.9]) | 0.01 |
| C‐reactive protein; mg.l−1 | 118 (71‐151 [14‐327]) | 42 (12‐125 [0‐29]) | 0.005 |
| PaO2/FIO2 | 298 (119) | 338 (105) | 0.12 |
| Chest ultrasound sites | |||
| Upper and lower anterior | |||
| B lines | 6 (2‐10 [0‐30]) | 3 (1‐7 [0‐16]) | 0.04 |
| Confluent B‐lines | 3 (10%) | 0 | 0.04 |
| Thickened pleural line | 24 (77%) | 26 (38%) | < 0.001 |
| Consolidation | 17 (54%) | 11 (16%) | < 0.001 |
| Posterolateral | |||
| Confluent B‐lines | 10 (32%) | 8 (12%) | 0.03 |
| Thickened pleural line | 24 (77%) | 26 (38%) | < 0.001 |
| Consolidation | 18 (58%) | 23 (33%) | 0.04 |
ACE, angiotensin‐converting‐enzyme; BLUE, bed‐side lung ultrasound in emergency; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug; PaO2/FiO2, arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen; qSOFA, quick sequential organ failure assessment; SARS‐CoV‐2 RT‐PCR, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction