Table 1. Physicochemical Characteristics of all BCsa.
| elemental analysis (wt %) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | H | O | N | S | H/C | O/C | (N + O)/C | |
| BG | 47.43 | 6.30 | 35.66 | 2.5 | 0.42 | 1.60 | 0.56 | 0.61 |
| R-BC | 59.53 | 5.07 | 27.56 | 4.20 | 0.09 | 1.02 | 0.35 | 0.41 |
| BC800 | 68.02 | 1.58 | 12.94 | 3.37 | 0.05 | 0.28 | 0.14 | 0.19 |
| A-BC | 81.22 | 0.84 | 7.42 | 0.83 | 0.23 | 0.12 | 0.07 | 0.08 |
| proximate
analysis (%, dry basis) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FC | VC | ash | BET Surface area (m2/g) | yield (%) | pHPZC | |
| BG | 6.60 | 85.71 | 7.69 | 0.63 | ||
| R-BC | 23.22 | 73.14 | 3.64 | 1.67 | 62.05 | 5.07 |
| BC800 | 67.92 | 18.04 | 14.04 | 85.82 | 29.27 | 4.19 |
| A-BC | 70.96 | 19.58 | 9.46 | 1991.59 | 8.91 | 5.63 |
a
BG: Bermudagrass; R-BC: raw biochar produced at 300 °C; BC800: biochar produced at 800 °C; A-BC: activated biochar; FC: fixed carbon; VC: volatile carbon.